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Stephen KingA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of gender discrimination, racism, and rape.
Mike Noonan is the protagonist of Bag of Bones. He is characterized as a writer of moderately successful commercial fiction, having studied English in university. The novel begins with Mike becoming a widower following the death of his college sweetheart, Jo. Mike’s character arc is defined by his struggle to move on from Jo’s passing. His grief affects his writing career, which he feels is inextricable from his relationship with Jo.
Stephen King links Mike’s romantic life to his writing life by making Jo an integral part of Mike’s writing ritual. When Mike tries to replicate his ritual by repeating Jo’s magic words on his own, he feels hollow, signaling his dependence on Jo. Mike’s grief causes his writer’s block, with any attempt to write making him physically ill. Mike rationalizes that the block is his body’s way of manifesting his sense of futility in the creative endeavor. He compares himself to a “bag of bones” to suggest that nothing he does in the wake of Jo’s death will ever feel as meaningful or as impactful as it did when she was still alive.
Mike tries to resolve his dilemma by following a series of dreams that direct him to return to his summer house, Sara Laughs, where Mike first instituted his writing ritual with Jo. He does not realize that his dreams are being caused by the spiritual forces that recognize him as a descendant of the TR-90 old-timers, with Sara, the malevolent spirit, luring him as part of her vengeance plot against the town.
Mike is helpful to those who are in need. He does not hesitate to help Kyra Devore the first time he sees her on the highway. His also offers to help Mattie Devore when he realizes that she is being threatened by Max Devore, whose vast wealth disadvantages Mattie. Despite his warmheartedness, Mike is reluctant to ask for help whenever he needs it. Mike starts to grow out of this character trait when he opens up to Mattie, suggesting his willingness to be vulnerable around her. A romance briefly develops between them, which ends prematurely when Mattie is killed. Mike’s altruism and strong desire for fatherhood drive him to adopt Kyra at the novel’s end.
Mike resolves his conflicts through his experiences around Dark Score Lake. He initially fears that Jo led a secret life, possibly even having a romantic affair and conceiving a child with another man. Later, he realizes Jo was using her free time to investigate the history of TR-90. The spirit of Jo guides him in writing a new manuscript, though he realizes it was only to pass on the message that revealed the truth of her activities. Mike acknowledges that his writing is like a love letter to Jo, and the longer he holds on to it, the harder it will be to let go of her. His lack of passion for writing without Jo, paired with his discomfort with writing about murders in the wake of Mattie’s death, causes him to retire from his creative endeavors altogether.
Mattie Devore is the secondary protagonist of Bag of Bones and a romantic interest of Mike Noonan. Mattie’s conflict involves trying to retain custody of her daughter, Kyra Devore, against the legal challenges from her father-in-law, Max Devore. Mike only enters her conflict as an interfering force. He is not involved with inciting this conflict, even though he escalates it with his interference and ultimately helps with resolving it.
Mattie is characterized by her working-class background. Her backstory indicates that she moved around several times to live with different relatives before meeting her future husband, Lance Devore, at the country club where Mattie worked as a waitress, Warrington’s. Mattie’s extraordinary beauty leaves many men smitten in her presence, save for the TR-90 old-timers. Many of the old-timers, like Max and Royce Merrill, are quick to accuse Mike of being involved in a sexual relationship with Mattie. None of them see the challenges that Mattie faces as a single working-class mother, or recognize her own complex personhood.
When Mike meets Mattie, Mattie is working as an assistant at the town library. Mattie is aware that people think she is lucky because of her involvement with two wealthy men, Lance and Mike. Mattie emphasizes the social challenges she faces with raising Kyra: Even if she wins the custody case against Max, she still has to make ends meet, paying for the bills and loans that she and Lance took on when they were married. Since Mattie is still a relatively young adult, she is not too far from the idyllic days of her courtship with Lance. She speaks longingly of that time, grieving her husband and dealing with social isolation as Max turns her old friends against her. When Mattie loses her job at the library, her problems intensify.
Mattie starts to feel hope for her future when Mike leverages his own resources to give her a fighting chance in the custody battle. When the custody case turns in her favor and Mattie gets her library job back, she declares her feelings for Mike. Shortly afterwards, Mattie is killed in a drive-by shooting by Max’s cronies, Footman and Osgood. However, she reappears at the end of the novel as a ghost at Dark Score Lake, helping to defeat Rogette Whitmore before she entrusts the care of Kyra to Mike.
Max Devore is the main antagonist of the novel. Max is a bully who will stop at nothing to get his way. The first time Max engages with Mike, he pretends to care only for Kyra’s best interests. When Bill Dean makes it clear that Max only acts to benefit himself, Max’s sinister nature emerges, looming over Mike and Mattie as a constant threat, even after he dies.
King draws from villain stereotypes to characterize Max as a bully and a mastermind. Part of Max’s backstory involves breaking into a neighbor’s house and stealing another boy’s sled simply because he coveted it. He becomes wealthy by being an early pioneer in the computer software industry, allowing him to settle in California years after he caused a wildfire that destroyed the cabins in Tidwell’s Meadow. As a wealthy man, Max uses his resources to buy the loyalty of various people in TR-90, employing some of them as spies and henchmen. Max is an elderly man who is physically weak, relying on the use of a heavily accessorized wheelchair to move around. He also relies on his much stronger personal assistant, Rogette Whitmore, to do physical tasks on his behalf, such as throwing rocks at Mike.
Max dies by suicide, though it is left ambiguous whether this was part of his master plan or if Whitmore leveraged her physical strength to remove Max as a power player. In any case, Whitmore continues to serve Max’s wishes after his death, executing the false codicil that promises Mattie a portion of his wealth if she remains in TR-90 for one year. This condition gives Max’s other cronies the opportunity to kill Mattie, likely intending for any custody to pass on to Whitmore, who is ultimately revealed to be Max’s daughter.
Sara Tidwell is a secondary antagonist, representing The Cyclical Nature of Trauma and Violence. Sara is a vengeful antagonist, acting from beyond the grave to get back at the families of the men who raped her and killed her and her son, Kito. Her death gives rise to the curse of Dark Score Lake, which ensures that the descendants of her murderers go on to kill one of their own children. Sara’s spirit influences many of the townspeople to give their children names that begin with “C” or “K” in memory of Kito.
Sara is a Black blues singer whose work became influential on rock and blues artists throughout the 20th century. Mike cites various musicians who have either played or plagiarized from her work. Many of Sara’s songs featured suggestive lyrics and double entendres, which cemented the perception that she was a bad influence on the idyllic local populace of TR-90. Mike discovers this was simply a biased assumption that originated with the town’s racist white residents.
Mike speaks this truth to power when he faces the ghosts of Jared and Max Devore, indicating that Sara was beloved by many of the townspeople and that she had built an idyllic community of her own in Tidwell’s Meadow. Max’s destruction of Tidwell’s Meadow represents his effort to obscure the sins of his ancestors against Sara and her kin. Her name lives on in Mike’s house, Sara Laughs, invoking the way Sara laughed when the men first confronted her before her death.
Sara functions as an antagonist in the novel because she desires the death of Kyra as a descendant of Jared Devore. Sara uses her spiritual powers to try to influence Mike to kill Kyra, following the curse of Dark Score Lake. She also resists Jo’s attempts to help Mike from beyond the grave. Sara actively tries to stop Mike’s attempt to put her soul to rest, taking on a physical form when he excavates her grave. Jo’s spirit fight her while Mike defeats Sara by dissolving her and Kito’s mortal remains, resolving the curse of Dark Score Lake.
By Stephen King