48 pages • 1 hour read
Anne McCaffreyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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The Introduction opens with a question: at what point does fact evolve into myth? Does fact’s relegation to myth over time make it any less true?
In the distant past, colonists from Earth settled on the planet Pern in the solar system of Rukbat. Pern is Earth-like and hospitable to man, but every 200 or so years, a wandering planet (the Red Star) nears its orbit. This planet’s indigenous life forms, which resemble silver threads, attack Pern when the gap between the two planets is small. Their onslaught eventually severed contact with Earth. To counter the Threads, the people of Pern bred specialized local life—dragons—but the last Thread attack was long ago. Without any Threads to fight, Pern’s guardians, the dragonmen, have fallen into disrepute. Many Pernese now doubt that Threads exist at all.
A psychic sense of danger wakes the book’s protagonist, a kitchen drudge named Lessa. She felt a similar warning here in Ruatha Hold 10 years (or “Turns”) ago (1). She touches base with her only friend, the Hold’s ugly old watch-wher (a creature similar to dragons), and determines that the danger she senses is not imminent, nor does it stem from Ruatha’s usurper, Lord Fax. Lessa resigns herself to patience, a virtue acquired from years of plotting revenge against Fax. She knows only that danger might come from the northeast, but the east presents the more imminent threat. Overhead, the Red Star gleams. Lessa reassumes her disguise as an ugly maid and starts her workday.
The dragonman F’lar, his half-brother F’nor, and their squadron arrive at Fax’s primary Hold. Fax inherited one Hold, married into another, and has conquered five more, though traditionally each Hold should have its own ruler. F’lar notes that Fax has not properly maintained this Hold’s defenses. The firestone pits are empty, and greenery has overtaken the stone. He is determined, once his current task (the “Search”) is over, to hold a Council to “replace lethargy with industry” (5). The Hold’s inhabitants are terrified of the dragons, including F’lar’s bronze dragon Mnementh, though dragons almost never attack people.
F’lar determines Lord Fax to be as greedy, arrogant, and lascivious as the rumors claim. He tersely informs Fax that the previous Weyrwoman, the incompetent Jora, is dead, and a new queen dragon egg has been laid. F’lar pushes Fax for access to the Hold’s women, as Pern’s tradition of the Search demands. “The ancient respect for dragonmen as well as dragonkind,” F’lar thinks, “must be reinstalled in modern breasts” (9).
F’lar and F’nor notice that the Hold is better stocked than the dragonmen’s home (the Weyr), and that while Fax adheres to the letter of the ancient laws—he employs musicians (“harpers”), for example—he ignores their spirit. F’lar meets Fax’s heavily pregnant Ruathan wife Gemma, whom Fax clearly disdains, and his other women too, but he determines “[T]here [are] none here worthy of the Search” (13); the women are not physically fit and lack spirit. F’lar reflects on how Pern’s modern people neglect the old traditions—the Laws, the Records, and the ballads—which he is certain have purpose and significance.
F’lar and F’nor meet with Lytol (formerly L’tol) to aid their Search. Lytol was once a dragonman, but his dragon died in an accident, dealing him a critical psychic blow. Lytol encourages them to kill Fax, as the man is a tyrant who abuses women and will turn the other Holds’ Lords against the Weyr. F’lar and F’nor hope they might find a woman of powerful Blood in Ruatha Hold—Ruatha supplied many Weyrwomen in the past—but Lytol tells them Fax systematically eliminated the entire line. Fax, he reminds them, scoffs at the Teaching Ballads and forbids stories of the Threads and dragons. “The new generation,” he laments, “will grow up totally ignorant of duty, tradition, and precaution” (21).
As F’lar and company approach Ruatha Hold, F’lar reflects on the main reasons that the Weyr is weak. First, the Holding Lords no longer respect dragonmen or think them necessary. They have steadily reduced their traditional tithes. Second, the dragonmen have been hamstrung by poor leadership, including the incompetent former Weyrwoman Jora and the current Weyrleader R’gul, whose isolationism and no-interference policy with the Holding Lords have allowed Fax to go on an unprecedented conquering spree. F’lar instructs his dragonmen to use a bit of firestone—a substance dragons chew to create fire—to burn foliage on the flight into Ruatha, both to rid the Hold of dangerous greenery and to remind people of the power of dragons.
F’lar was hopeful that the Search would end in Ruatha. He is dismayed to find Fax has almost completely ruined the Hold, smugly justifying his extortion of the rebellious Ruathans as within his rights as Lord. Tensions rise between the two men. Even F’lar’s generally empathic dragon Mnementh hates Fax. F’lar notices that Fax seems afraid of Ruatha for some reason. “There is a subtle strength in this valley” (27), he tells his half-brother F’nor.
Dragonflight opens with rhetorical questions centered on one of its primary themes: when enough time passes, any fact or knowledge can take on the appearance of myth. The primary threat to all life on Pern is the Threads—a mysterious force that occasionally strikes from space and attempts to kill all organic life on the planet. But the Threads do not visit often. They can only make the jump from the Red Star to Pern when planetary orbits bring the two bodies into proximity with each other. Because the Red Star’s orbit is highly eccentric, the return of the Threads is not reliable, nor is it easy to predict.
While people in Pern’s distant past had developed specialized systems—including dragons, but also songs, lore, and ancient laws—to combat the Threads, the passage of time has made these traditions feel stuffy and pointless. The shift not only transmuted fact into myth, but also “scientific” knowledge into something more akin to religion. The dragonmen have no solid proof that the Threads exist. They simply choose to believe.
The Holding Lords, on the other hand, have the luxury of (a lack of) material evidence. The Threads have not presented a threat in anyone’s living memory, or even that of their distant ancestors. Because the Threads are not immediately present and may in fact not exist at all, the Lords resent the traditional powers given to the dragonmen to enable the protection of Pern. As a result, the Lords have reduced tithing (that is, a tax of food and goods) to support the Weyrs. They also resent the mysterious “Search”; from the Lords’ perspective, dragonmen occasionally come to their homes to evaluate and steal their women. Finally, the Lords see no reason to put in the effort necessary to uphold the ancient defenses against the Threads. They do not maintain the firestone pits, and they allow greenery to grow, both of which are dangerous (for reasons soon to be revealed). Some, like Fax, even feel entitled to behave imperialistically. Though it is good sense in wartime for one Lord to manage and defend each Hold, Fax sees no issue with conquering and holding seven at once. For the purposes of suspense, Anne McCaffrey does not yet reveal why these defenses are so important—the reader, like the inhabitants of Pern, is asked to take the dragonmen’s word for it and believe.
By Anne McCaffrey