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88 pages 2 hours read

Laurie Halse Anderson

Fever 1793

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2000

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Chapters 25-EpilogueChapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 25 Summary: “October 14th, 1793”

Mother Smith provides a mule cart to transport the twins and Nell to the coffeehouse. Matilda and Eliza travel at night when Philadelphia is “darker than I had ever seen” (201)—the lamplighters have all left or are dead.

At the coffeehouse, Matilda and Eliza decide to keep the children downstairs where it’s cooler.

Matilda finds the painting Nathaniel sent her and hopes he’s staying safe indoors, and she wonders where Mother is as well. Eliza calls her to watch the children; the twins’ eyes are “yellow-stained” (203) and Nell has the illness as well, though she’s not doing quite so poorly. Days pass, and Matilda finds that tending to the children is harder than any of her previous patients. Eventually the children are so weak that Eliza suggests finding a doctor to bleed them, but Matilda argues that the French doctors—who have treated yellow fever for years in the West Indies—say that bleeding is deadly. They continue to care for the children on their own until Matilda thinks the suffering will go on “endlessly, with no time to rest, no time to sleep” (206).

After struggling to find the strength to fetch water from the well, Matilda wanders into the dying garden and wonders where her younger self—“the little girl who planted the bean seeds” earlier that year (207)—has disappeared to. She imagines herself with Nathaniel back in January, watching Blanchard fly his hot-air balloon and believing “all things were possible in heaven and on earth” (208).

Chapter 26 Summary: “October 23rd, 1793”

Matilda wakes to Silas licking her cheek, and she’s surprised to discover “diamonds of frost” (210) covering the yard. She eagerly calls for Eliza, who sees the frost and joyfully exclaims, “‘We made it!’” (210). They bring the children outside on their mattress, allowing them to “cool […] gently” (211) from the fever and “‘breathe in the clean air’” (211).

A messenger arrives with ample food from Joseph—farmers have returned to town along with the frost. The messenger warns them to wait another week before venturing further into town to make sure “summer’s grip”—and the fever’s—is “well and truly broken” (211). Eliza drags all the coffeehouse furniture outside because she believes the cold will “‘destroy the pestilence’” (212). The children’s fevers have broken, and they eat, sleep, and recover.

The next morning, Joseph arrives and thanks Eliza and Matilda “‘for giving me back my boys’” (213). Joseph advises Matilda to head to the now-reopened market, home of “‘all the best gossips in town’” (213), for news of her mother. Matilda asks Eliza for “‘permission’” (213), but she doesn’t need it: Matilda realizes she can make her own decisions.

Matilda discovers “a welcome wave of noise and good cheer” (213) at the market and reconnects with Mrs. Epler. Having found no answers as to Mother’s whereabouts, Matilda contemplates selling the coffeehouse and working as a scullery maid. She soon decides the notion is “ridiculous” (215)—she is the daughter of a strong woman, granddaughter of an Army captain, and she is “not afraid of hard work” (216). Matilda is determined to “set [her] own course” (216).

She is surprised to run into Nathaniel at the market, and they discuss their respective experiences during the fever outbreak. Matilda wonders how they can go back to the way things were when “‘everything has changed’” (218). Nathaniel responds that “‘the important things’”—like their friendship—“‘haven’t changed at all’” (218). Nathaniel assures Matilda her mother will be home soon, but Matilda wonders, “What if [Mother] didn’t come home at all?” (218).

Chapter 27 Summary: “October 30th, 1793”

Residents are returning to Philadelphia by the hundreds. Though many who remained in the city are still weak, Philadelphia itself, “like a wilted flower stuck in a bowl of water,” is gathering “strength” to once again “blossom” (222). Nathaniel joins Matilda on a walk every evening, and they visit the mass grave where Grandfather is buried—there are likely “‘more of his friends here than in the cemetery’” (220). There is still no news about Mother.

Eliza decides to host a feast of thanksgiving. Mother Smith thanks God for keeping them all safe through the fever, and they all praise Matilda for her hard work.

During the feast, Matilda’s ponders her future and decides she will no longer listen to others “making the decisions while [she] stood to the side” (223). She declares that instead of selling the coffeehouse, she’ll reopen it the very next day. With Eliza as her business partner, they can continue to care for Nell.

Chapter 28 Summary: “November 10th, 1793”

The coffeehouse is full again, and Matilda is sure “Mother would have been very proud” (228). Matilda is happy, but still feels “hollow” (230)—she’s lost so much, and Mother is still missing.

Nathaniel bursts into the coffeehouse announcing that President Washington and the last of the Philadelphia residents have returned—among them is a “frail” but “beautiful” woman, Matilda’s mother (233).

Chapter 29 Summary: “November 10th, 1793”

Mother happily greets Matilda and Eliza and doesn’t even “make a sharp-tongued remark” (235) to Nathaniel. Mother is weak—a mug of coffee appears “too heavy for her to hold” (236)—and Mrs. Ludington says it’s a “‘miracle’” (236) she recovered, especially since she left the Ludingtons by herself to look for Matilda and ended up “‘near death’” on a roadside (236).

Matilda reveals that Grandfather died. Mother reveals how worried she was and sobs, with Matilda “cradl[ing]” her mother’s head (238). Matilda understands that their roles have reversed—Matilda is now the one who must work hard and take care of her mother.

Epilogue Summary: “December 11th, 1793”

Matilda wakes to Silas attacking a mouse, just as the cat did at the novel’s opening. Unlike the Matilda who lingered in bed back in August, this Matilda forces herself to rise in the dark and cold—“no one else is going to get the house stirring” (240). She passes Mother, Eliza, and Joseph’s twins, all still sleeping, and mentions that “Nell still refuse[s] to leave [her] side” (242).

As Matilda prepares for a busy day, she adjusts Nathaniel’s new painting hanging in the front room. Mr. Peale has praised Nathaniel’s progress, and in three or four years he’ll be able to make a living as a painter.

Matilda looks outside at a “peaceful” (243) vision of Philadelphia, making it hard to remember the “terror” (243) the city so recently suffered. Philadelphia has “moved on” (243), and early morning is the only time when Matilda still senses memories of Grandfather and Polly like “ghosts” (243).

Matilda watches the sun rise, “a giant balloon filled with prayers and hopes and promise” (243), and knows that another day of hard but fulfilling work has begun.

Chapter 25-Epilogue Analysis

In the final chapters of the novel, Matilda comes full circle and returns to the coffeehouse, but she is no longer a child dreaming of escape; instead, she’s a young woman with the serious and arduous task of saving three young children with yellow fever. Matilda finds tending to children “harder than caring for any other patients” (203), and after all she’s suffered and lost already, she approaches a breaking point. The novel’s reoccurring imagery of the garden adds to her sense of despair, as she lays right down among the “dry stalks […] like scrawny fingers,” the “rotted, wormy vegetables” (207).

As Matilda decides she’s “trapped in a night without end” (207), a new day, a new hope arrives: she awakens to find frost covering the ground. At this moment, the narrative offers both characters and readers a sense of great relief, a knowledge that, as Eliza says, “‘We made it!’” (210) through disaster. Even as the frost continues, marking the coming of winter as well as the end of the fever, Anderson infuses the novel with spring-like images of rebirth. Matilda attends a reopened market that seems “like a festival” (213), and Philadelphia itself returns to life “like a wilted flower” (220) given much-needed water. Along with the city and its people, Matilda is reborn as well: she now looks and acts like an adult, with the “shape of her face” now “for all the world like Mother’s” (215). Matilda knows that her “eyes were [her] own” (215), and her struggles have not caused her to lose her desire for independence.

Matilda reconnects with Nathaniel, and their relationship too experiences rebirth and growth: both are now older and more mature for having survived the fever, and they spend time together every day. As Matilda, Eliza, and their family and friends hold a thanksgiving feast, Anderson emphasizes the positive elements of human nature. By caring for each other, holding on to compassion and never losing hope, the good people of Philadelphia have made it through the greatest of challenges. As Mother Smith thanks God “‘for restoring us’” and “‘for giving us this bounty’” (221), Anderson suggests that focusing on the positive elements of humanity will lead to healing. While many acted cruelly and callously during the epidemic, Eliza counsels Matilda “not to be bitter” (220); thus, Anderson concludes the novel’s examination of human nature with an emphasis on the positive.

During the dinner of thanksgiving, Matilda makes a decision that marks the culmination of her personal growth. Determined that she will no longer allow others to “mak[e] the decisions while [she] stood to the side” (223), Matilda announces that she will reopen the coffeehouse with Eliza as her partner. While the others support her, they do suggest she draft a contract with a lawyer—otherwise, people might think Eliza, as a black woman, “‘took advantage’” (226) of Matilda. Through this detail, Anderson reminds readers of the historical context of her novel, set during a time of slavery and overt racial inequality. Matilda respects Eliza as an equal, and the two no longer have the adult-child relationship they shared at the novel’s opening.

When Mother finally returns to the coffeehouse in the last chapters of the novel, Matilda’s life is complete once more, yet she discovers that both she and her mother have changed. Matilda learns how much Mother loves her, even if she often hid that love behind criticism: When Mother was ill, she actually set off alone in the middle of the night to look for Matilda. The ordeal caused Mother to become weak, and now Matilda must be the caretaker in their relationship. In an image of Matilda “cradl[ing] [Mother’s] head” until “her sobs quieted” (238), the author illustrates the role reversal between the two women, as well as the strong bond they share.

The Epilogue emphasizes Matilda’s transformation and ends with hope for a bright future. The author recreates the scene of the novel’s opening, with Matilda awakening and contemplating a day full of hard work ahead of her. However, while in the first chapter Matilda is forced out of bed by her mother and grumbled about work, now she knows that she must take responsibility—“no one else is going to get the house stirring” (240). Matilda even takes pleasure in “sh[aking] the idleness out of [her] skirts” (243) and doing work that brings her a sense of accomplishment. Anderson ends the novel with an image that recalls the opening, when Matilda remembered Blanchard’s hot-air balloon and hoped to escape just as the balloon did. Matilda sees the sun as “a giant balloon filled with prayers and hopes and promises” (243), the symbol of a new day. Matilda still works toward the same freedom and independence she desired in the beginning of the novel, but now she’s ready to take on the adult responsibilities that accompany such freedom. With the closing image of the “yellow sun” (243) rising—a hopeful image to replace the deadly yellow of the fever—Anderson ends her novel not with a reminder of tragedy, but with hope for a bright new future.

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