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51 pages 1 hour read

Allison Pataki

Finding Margaret Fuller: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2024

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Part 3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3, Chapter 19 Summary

In the fall of 1839, Margaret has the idea to host a salon where women can meet to discuss the larger questions of life. Her friend Eliza Peabody, sister to Nathaniel’s wife Sophia, volunteers the use of her home. Margaret says, “I’ll open up twenty-five spots, I decide. Women only. I’ll charge them each ten dollars and plan for a thirteen-week series of Conversations” (153). Boston’s social elite all enroll in the salons. Initially, many women are hesitant to express an opinion or pursue independent thought. Through Margaret’s coaching, however, their minds expand, and the salons become a rousing success.

Part 3, Chapter 20 Summary

Shortly before Christmas, Waldo pays Margaret a visit and proposes that she spend the holidays in Concord. He also proposes launching a transcendental journal of which Margaret will be the editor. She accepts the job, seeing it as another avenue to free women’s minds from the limits of conventional thinking. Waldo recruits Bronson, Thoreau, and Nathaniel to contribute articles. Bronson suggests that the magazine be called The Dial. “Because, like a sundial, we shall be an instrument of the light. Like a sundial, we are taking the measurement of our days” (164). Everyone agrees to the name.

Part 3, Chapter 21 Summary

After The Dial is published, New York newspaper editor Horace Greeley enthusiastically endorses it. Editing and writing content for the periodical keep Margaret busy. By the time the fourth issue appears, she realizes that she hasn’t been paid, even though Waldo promised her compensation. She hesitates to ask him, knowing that The Dial isn’t yet turning a profit. She thinks bitterly of the literary men in her circle who have alternative means of financial support, while she must be paid to write: “Once again I feel as if the men around me do not understand. I am the sole breadwinner in my life—without wages, I will have no bread. I don’t have an inheritance, nor do I have some husband’s financial support” (168). Just as she is about to write to ask for money, she receives a letter from Waldo informing her of his son’s death and begging her to come to Concord.

Part 3, Chapter 22 Summary

When she arrives, Margaret finds the Emerson household sadly changed. Lidian is bedridden and addicted to laudanum. Thoreau is trying to manage the home as best he can while its master and mistress grieve separately. She notes, “I stay in their home. I keep mostly to myself, as they do the same, but I’m there” (173). One day, Thoreau asks Margaret to take a sack of fresh tomatoes to the Hawthorne residence while he tends the garden with Waldo. She walks to the Old Manse, where Nathaniel and Sophia have taken up residence, and finds Nathaniel outside gardening. He seems pleased to see her and mentions that his wife is upstairs resting. As they converse, and Margaret again feels an attraction building between them, she notices a pale, sickly face watching the couple from an upstairs window. Margaret steps away guiltily and thinks, “Why do I always feel like a bane before these Concord wives?” (178).

Part 3, Chapter 23 Summary

Upon returning to the Emerson house, Margaret learns that Thoreau has prepared a meal and that Lidian and Waldo will join them for dinner. By dessert, Lidian begins weeping, and Margaret rushes her upstairs. Lidian confides to her guest that Waldo can’t even look at her anymore, as if he blames his wife for his son’s death: “Thoreau makes himself so useful here. And you…well, you are his high priestess. His goddess. His muse. I’m only taking up space” (180). Margaret protests, but Lidian’s only comfort derives from her dose of laudanum.

The following days are rainy, and the atmosphere inside grows even more oppressive. Margaret encourages Waldo to visit his wife, but he accuses her of interfering and seems to want to pick a fight. Margaret goes out for a walk and finds Nathaniel inspecting his rowboat for leaks. He insists that she go out on the river with him to make sure the craft is watertight. As they drift, he reminds her of their pleasant times together and seems close to renewing their flirtation when Margaret spots Sophia and Waldo waiting for them on the shore. Sophia thanks her profusely for accompanying Nathaniel out on the river. Waldo courteously offers to escort Margaret back home. She reflects, “We are all here, speaking to one another. And yet, taking such pains to keep so much unsaid” (187).

Part 3, Chapter 24 Summary

The next morning, Margaret realizes that she left her hat and gloves at the Hawthorne house and that Nathaniel will probably call to return them. She doesn’t want to see him and walks through the woods until she reaches the riverbank. As she lies back on the earth, Nathaniel walks by on his way to Emerson’s home. He gives her the hat and gloves and sits down beside her. As they continue their tete-a-tete, Emerson approaches. Margaret hurriedly prepares to leave, and Waldo escorts her home yet again. She thinks, “As it turns out, even we Transcendentalists are making ourselves miserable” (191). She decides that it’s time to seek her fortune out in the world and leave Concord behind.

Part 3 Analysis

The novel’s third segment again returns to Concord, where Margaret edits The Dial, a new transcendentalist periodical that is Waldo’s brainchild. She once again vacillates between independence and the desire for a secure home. During her time in Boston, she launches her series of Conversations, a bold move that develops the theme of Defying Convention. Unlike the narrow-mindedness of the women in Concord, Margaret’s Boston audience embraces change, albeit tentatively. Initially, Margaret must coax her visitors to express their own original ideas. The Conversations are as much a journey of self-discovery and personal actualization as an exploration of the larger questions of life.

Perversely, every time Margaret is on the brink of establishing an independent identity, she gets drawn back into the Concord circle, thus reactivating her desire for security and highlighting the theme of Searching for Home. No matter how often she insists that she must make a life for herself elsewhere, the lure of the transcendentalists proves too strong to resist. Just when her Conversations in Boston have the greatest chance of becoming a success, Waldo visits her and draws her back to Concord with the promise of employment.

Margaret’s susceptibility to both Waldo and Nathaniel’s charms once more proves her downfall. They make grand plans to launch The Dial, and Margaret is even willing to collaborate once more with Bronson Alcott, who failed to pay her for her work at his Temple School. Even though she’s wary of Bronson making promises he can’t keep, she fails to see the same tendency in Waldo. She makes the same mistake twice by accepting an offer of work without insisting on a regular paycheck for her efforts.

Ironically, Margaret’s desire for security causes her to leap at the offer of employment, but taking the job exposes her to even greater financial risk. The Sage of Concord still dazzles her, and she accepts the terms that he dictates. Even after four editions of The Dial are published, however, Waldo fails to pay her. Nevertheless, Margaret hesitates to ask him for money, just as she hesitated to ask Bronson. Her friend Eliza Peabody points out the obvious: “Waldo will have to find someone else to work for free. Or he shall have to edit his own paper. Only then will he fully understand just how much you’ve been doing” (169).

Margaret never has the chance to demand money because another crisis in Concord renders her own needs secondary to Waldo’s. When his son dies, she flies to his side to offer comfort and receives little more than abuse for her pains. When Waldo rebuffs her attempts at consolation, she turns to Nathaniel, who has married by this time. Consequently, Margaret finds herself in a love triangle with two men who have established homes for themselves and conventional marriages yet still want to monopolize her attention and her time.

Though neither man is aware that they want Margaret’s life to revolve around their needs and desires, Margaret herself enables this behavior because of her twin vulnerabilities. Even as she defies conventional female roles, she longs for a conventional romance. She also wants a secure home and is willing to settle for a precarious existence in Concord to achieve the illusion of one. Just as the previous part of the book concluded with Margaret rejecting the option to remain in Concord, she loops back to this same realization here when she says, “I do not wish to stay here in Concord and […] dwell in daily discord […] I long for fresh soil in which to grow and flourish. And I no longer believe I can accomplish that as a houseguest of Ralph Waldo Emerson” (192). Perhaps this time, Margaret will learn her lesson.

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