68 pages • 2 hours read
Jarrett KrosoczkaA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
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As a young child, Jarrett has a recurring nightmare about monsters swarming him. The only way to stop them is to stare them right in the eye, which makes them freeze. The problem is, this only works on one monster at once, and when they have Jarrett surrounded, he can’t stop them all at once. Inevitably, they get him in the end.
This insistent, recurring nightmare is a clear image of Jarrett’s predicament in a household where he can’t even count on his mother to be home when he wakes up, let alone to keep him safe in other ways—for instance, by not “making terrible decisions” like allowing strange and sometimes bloodstained men to hide out at her house (60). However, that the nightmares continue past the time when he’s living with Shirley suggests a deeper meaning, too.
Jarrett’s monsters certainly represent the frightening adults who are all around him, but they’re also a great image of a child desperately struggling for security and control that’s far beyond his power: Only by “keeping an eye” on the monsters can he freeze them, and there are far too many for one little kid to keep an eye on. The end of the book, in which Jarrett finally confronts some of the difficult adults in his life directly, also suggests that he did, at last, find a way to look all his monsters in the eye, and to “freeze” them here on the pages.
In the early development of Jarrett’s career as a comic artist, he’s excited to discover a copy of How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way, a step-by-step and formulaic guide to drawing on-model Marvel superheroes. This, he thinks, is “my ticket to cartoonist success” (150). His respected comics teacher, Mark, tells him to “forget everything you learned” from this book: It will only teach him to be a mimic, not an artist (150).
This lesson sticks in Jarrett’s head for more than one reason. Aside from the fact that this moment is a major step towards his discovery of his own honest style, it represents a bigger theme of fakery and truth. The bulgy Marvel superheroes he learns to draw are ideals, impervious musclebound caricatures who will always save the day. By turning not only from these drawings but from this simplistic idea they represent, Jarrett learns to face the complexities of reality with truth and forthrightness. Drawing—or thinking—“the Marvel way” does not produce honest, painful memoirs.
When Joe and Shirley are finally honest with Jarrett about his mother’s addiction, they tell him a series of heartbreaking stories about the things she’d do to afford heroin. One of the most painful is the story of her theft of Shirley’s wedding ring: “Shirley was washing the dishes one night. She took her wedding ring off and placed it to the side of the sink. Leslie knocked her down, grabbed the ring, and disappeared into the night” (136).
Here, Shirley’s wedding ring represents more than just a valuable object. A wedding ring is inherently a symbol of marriage. Leslie’s willingness to steal this token of her parents’ connection symbolizes the ways in which that marriage might have helped to bring her to the place she is now: Her difficulty with her sometimes-violent home life led her to start using heroin at 13. Her theft of the wedding ring, of all things, demonstrates how so many of the relationships in the Krosoczka household have broken down.