logo

91 pages 3 hours read

Jamie Ford

Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2009

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.

Chapters 1-7Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “The Panama Hotel (1986)”

In 1986, Henry Lee walks past an old Seattle landmark, the Panama Hotel, which stood as a gateway between Seattle’s Chinatown and Nihonmachi (Japantown) in the 1940s. Henry recalls visiting the hotel twice—once in 1942, when he was 12 years old, and today, 44 years later. In between he was married, had a son, and cared for his wife Ethel during her seven-year battle with cancer.

Ruminating on Ethel’s death, Henry considers the differences he has with his son. While Henry struggles to talk of his past and of his feelings, Marty attended group grief therapy, spilling his feelings easily to strangers. Henry has taken early retirement from a career at Boeing and now finds himself alone with too much time on his hands.

A crowd has gathered at the Panama Hotel, which has been boarded up since 1950. As Henry watches, items are brought from the hotel, including a Japanese parasol and a steamer trunk. The new owner explains to a camera crew that she has discovered the belongings of 37 Japanese American families from the war years. Henry, watching in the crowd, wonders if his heart can be found there.

Chapter 2 Summary: “Marty Lee (1986)”

Marty, Henry and Ethel’s son, is a chemistry major at Seattle University. Henry’s life savings, drained by Ethel’s medical bills, caused him to take out a second mortgage on their home to finance Marty’s education. Henry has not told Marty about this.

Marty shows Henry his semester report card—a 4.0. He jokes that maybe someday he can put his father through college. Henry had been attending college but dropped out when he received a job at Boeing. Henry, feeling nostalgic since his journey past the Panama Hotel, has been looking through old school yearbooks. His son’s joking brings him back to a painful time in his own past.

Chapter 3 Summary: “I Am Chinese (1942)”

Henry is 12 years old when his parents ask him to stop speaking Chinese at home and at school. However, Henry’s parents don’t speak English, so this language barrier essentially puts a stop to their communication. Due to the political situation since the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Henry’s father makes him wear a button that says “I am Chinese.” Henry’s father’s hatred of the Japanese is not related solely to Pearl Harbor but also to ongoing Japanese attacks on the Chinese mainland since the 1930s.

Henry no longer attends the Chinese school close to his house, which has earned him the derision of his former Chinese classmates. On his long walk to Rainier Elementary, where he has been accepted as a scholarship student, Henry passes Sheldon, an African American jazz saxophonist, and gives Sheldon his lunch. It is part of Henry’s daily ritual; if he were to appear at school with his lunch, it would be stolen by Chaz Preston, a schoolyard bully. Besides, Henry’s job as a scholarship student is to work in the school cafeteria alongside the formidable Mrs. Beatty, and he can often sneak a can of food.

Chapter 4 Summary: “Flag Duty (1942)”

As Henry arrives at school, two boys (Chaz Preston and Denny Brown) are raising the flag. They call him Tojo (a reference to Japan’s prime minister) and a “Jap,” and insist that he salute the American flag. Henry reflects that his teacher, Miss Walker, has noticed these kinds of taunts in the past but not stopped the boys from making them. Chaz notices Henry’s “I am Chinese” button and mocks him for it.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Keiko (1942)”

One day there is a new girl working in the school cafeteria, another person attending Rainier Elementary on scholarship. She introduces herself as Keiko Okabe, and Henry recognizes that she is Japanese. His father has been waging a war in Chinatown against the Japanese by raising funds to help in the fight against Japan. Keiko, perhaps guessing the reason for his discomfort with her, tells him she is an American.

They serve food together, ignoring the racist comments and slant-eye gestures from other students. Afterward, they eat lunch together and Henry is pleased to have company.

Chapter 6 Summary: “The Walk Home (1942)”

After school, Henry and Keiko complete more chores as part of their scholarship requirement before walking home together. One day, Chaz is waiting for them and attempts to start a fight. Mrs. Beatty intervenes and sends Chaz on his way, but not before he rips the “I am Chinese” button from Henry’s shirt.

As they walk, Henry tells Keiko that he was born in Seattle, but like other Chinese boys, he had planned to return to China to study in Canton. Those plans, however, have been put on hold because of the war. Approaching Japantown, they notice that the area is being transformed: American flags fly in front of businesses, and the streets bear new English names.

Chapter 7 Summary: “Nihonmachi (1942)”

On Saturdays, Henry gives up the pleasure of watching Super-Man cartoons to indulge in his favorite thing: jazz. He heads over to Sheldon’s corner and listens to his friend play. During a break in sets, Sheldon tells Henry that he has joined a union of local black musicians and that he has booked a gig at the famous Black Elks Club. Sheldon teases Henry about Keiko and teaches him a Japanese phrase to say to her, which translates to “How are you today, beautiful.” Henry repeats the phrase to himself as he walks along and decides to head into Japantown to find her.

And he does find her—or at least, a photograph of her on display in the window of a photography studio. The photographer tells him to look for Keiko in a park near Nippon Kan Hall, a kabuki theater. Henry gets lost in a crowd of music and dancing and almost forgets he is looking for Keiko. Then suddenly she is waving for him on the hillside, a sketchbook in hand. Henry tells her the Japanese line he has been rehearsing, but Keiko confesses she doesn’t speak any Japanese. When he looks through her sketchbook, he realizes that the last sketch is of him. Keiko had been watching him from the hillside all along.

Chapters 1-7 Analysis

In the book’s opening chapters, 56-year-old Henry Lee is newly widowed, recently retired, and searching for a new purpose in life. Two events happen that propel Henry back to his childhood 40 years earlier. First, the new owners of the Panama Hotel, which used to stand as a gateway between Seattle’s Chinatown and Japantown, have discovered the belongings of several Japanese American families who were evacuated and resettled to internment camps during the war. Second, as Henry searches through his old school yearbooks for a certain familiar face, his son makes an innocent comment about sending Henry back to school on scholarship.

This reminds Henry of his life in 1942, when the United States was at war with Germany and Japan, and when there was a private war going on in his personal life. Henry’s father was a traditional Chinese businessman who expected Henry to be a dutiful Chinese son. It is a mark of pride for his father that Henry is sent to an all-Caucasian school on a scholarship, but the experience is horrible for Henry, who faces a stream of prejudice and abuse at the hands of his classmates, which goes unpunished by his teachers. Although Henry frequently shows up at home with bruises and scrapes he earns from these scuffles, he never complains to his parents because he knows that attending an all-Caucasian school has made his father very proud.

Then, when anti-Japanese sentiment surges after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Henry’s father is concerned that Henry will be mistaken for Japanese. He requires Henry to wear an “I am Chinese” button and to stop speaking in Chinese, even at home. This is a clear demonstration of the racial divisions in the novel, namely that between Asian Americans and white Americans, and between Chinese Americans and Japanese Americans. Although Henry’s family is Chinese, his father worries the general public will see Henry’s Asian features or hear his Chinese language and mistake him as Japanese—an increasingly dangerous label in the wake of Pearl Harbor, and a particularly unpalatable one to Henry’s father, who dislikes the Japanese for their country’s occupation of Mainland China. Although these actions are likely intended to protect Henry, forcing him to speak only English effectively cuts off all communication between Henry and his parents, who only speak Chinese.

The narrative establishes Henry as more isolated than ever before when he meets Keiko, the new girl at school. Although they instantly bond because she is also attending school on scholarship, Henry is initially uneasy around Keiko. He has heard his father’s invectives about the Japanese for years, long before Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. Keiko, by pointing out that she is an American, shows she has a more enlightened view on the subject of race and nationality. The two characters are established in contrast. Keiko is Japanese but does not speak the language, and she is firm in her identity as an American. Henry, meanwhile, is Chinese. He is bilingual, yet his father pressures him to speak English exclusively. This isolates Henry from his parents, and consequently his native heritage, which complicates his negotiation of his identity. Although Henry still parrots his father’s insistence that he is Chinese, he is beginning to adopt a less traditional and more modern perspective, one that embraces his Americanness.

Finally, these chapters occur before the evacuation of Nihonmachi begins. As Henry explores the area with Keiko, he observes that it is vibrant and full of life. It is a perfect setting for the burgeoning friendship between Henry and Keiko, a reflection of their youth and innocence. Still, signs of foreshadowing are apparent. The new English street names and abundance of American flags are harbingers of change that hint at the brewing tension between Japanese Americans and the US government.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text