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63 pages 2 hours read

Roald Dahl

James And The Giant Peach

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1961

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Symbols & Motifs

The Peach

Throughout this novel, the giant peach is an important motif, representing support and love as well as being a place where anyone can be whoever they want without judgment or discrimination. The peach creates an environment which enhances the overall themes of acceptance and friendship. At the start of the novel, James is living with his aunts where he is abused and isolated from other children. He dreams of a place where he can be happy “with lots of other children,” (56) for him to play with. In the peach, James finds himself in a new environment where he is allowed to laugh and have fun with his new friends. When James is in the peach, he is surrounded by those who care about him and support him. After they land in New York, James continues to live inside the “marvelous peach stone in the park,” (144) as he begins to build a loving community for himself in this new place. Staying in the peach gives James a sense of belonging and support that helps him find his place in the world.

The peach also represents acceptance. For the insects, the peach gives them the freedom to be themselves without preconceived ideas. Outside of the peach, they are each defined by how others see them: The Centipede is just a pest, the Old-Green-Grasshopper is not a musician, and Miss Spider is “probably the most terrifying of all,” (131). However, during this journey, they shed the assumptions people make and become their true selves, bringing out the overall theme of acceptance and openness. Just as James uses the peach stone as a home in New York, the insects all continue to visit him in the stone, a haven where they know they can be themselves without judgment or bias.

The peach also symbolizes a perfect home. It gives the group shelter, protection, nourishment, and is filled with loved ones. It offers everything needed to survive a journey across the world. During the entire story, the peach offers a physical representation of the support, love, and acceptance that is created within this group of unlikely friends, and which guides them for the rest of their lives. The peach becomes a home for each one of them and creates a general sense of warmth and comfort.

Children

One of the most important symbols in the book is “the children.” The children James knows, those he imagines and dreams about, and those he later meets all represent his hopes and dreams. Dahl describes James’s life before his parents are eaten as being “the perfect life for a small boy,” (1). The main reasons that his life was so idyllic was because of the other children, his friends. When James is around other kids, his dreams seem possible, which explains why James feels so hopeless when he is isolated with his aunts. While living on the hill with Spiker and Sponge, James can only watch the other children from afar, symbolizing the way his dreams of freedom and joy are out of reach.

After the peach has rolled to freedom, James is excited at the possibility of having landed somewhere where there might be other children: Children symbolize ultimate happiness to James. As he befriends the insects and makes a home on the peach, James begins to find the freedom to grow, but he is still stuck on the peach without children to play with. In New York, when James finally becomes truly free, this freedom and joy is symbolized by children flooding the streets of New York City. Dahl writes that they “came running from all directions to join the feast,” (141). Now that James is liberated from his aunts, any dream of his could come true. He no longer feels trapped or hopeless. James goes on to help other children by providing a nurturing environment which he lacked as a child, letting other children live out his childhood dream.

The Seaside and Ocean

Throughout the novel, the sea and ocean represent James’s freedom. When he is younger and living with his parents, James is always at the seaside, symbolizing his completely free and happy life. However, once living with his aunts, he is far from the seaside. He can see the ocean below him but can never visit. The pain this causes him is described, “he used to spend hours every day standing at the bottom of the garden, gazing wistfully at the [...] forbidden world [...] and ocean that was spread out below him like a magic carpet” (5). The reference to the magic carpet conjures up the image of flying to freedom, but it is just out of reach. Dahl comments on this lonely situation, saying that “James was never allowed to go down off the top of that hill,” (3).

For the entire time that James is living with his aunts, his only wish is to visit the seaside and ocean. When the peach rolls to freedom, they end up right in the middle of the ocean, where James and his friends find themselves stranded on the peach. This symbolizes the way that newfound freedom is overwhelming and difficult to adjust to, even as it leads to a better life. In America, James lives in New York City, where he is close to the sea and is as free as he could ever wish to be.

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