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72 pages 2 hours read

Jack Mayer

Life in a Jar: The Irena Sendler Project

Nonfiction | Book | Middle Grade | Published in 2005

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Part 3, Chapters 30-31Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3

Chapter 30 Summary: “Hearts and Sunflowers: Warsaw, May 2001”

The time has finally arrived for the girls to meet Irena, who shares a small apartment with her daughter-in-law, granddaughter, and a small dog. The documentary film director has them reenact their arrival due to a blown light. This prompts “Mr. C. to wonder: could something staged be as true—or truer—than what it was re-enacting?” (306). The play, for example, contains errors and inaccuracies, but also changes things to make them clearer and more interesting—to what extent can their story, then, be considered to be true?

As they enter, a nurse tells them that Irena has been ill, and that they may only be able to stay for 15 to 20 minutes. There are 20 people waiting for them inside, and the room explodes into a cacophony of questions and photographs. They are then taken down the hall to meet Irena. They cautiously approach Irena, who appears to them very frail; she embraces the group with tears streaming down her cheeks.

The girls present Irena with gifts: a paper heart signed by Uniontown students, a vase of flowers, and a wall hanging of sunflowers. The nurse whispers something in her ear, but Irena shoos her away and begins to tell the students all about the other heroes of the era, as well as further details about her own story.

Irena gives the girls her own gift—necklaces with silver hearts on the chain: “I give to each of you a piece of my heart” (309). She then asks if any of them have any “burning questions” (309). Megan asks a series of rapid-fire questions; Irena has to stop her before trying to answer them to the best of her ability, including why she did it, which Irena responds to by reiterating that it was “the need of [her] heart” (310). In response to a question about the jars, Irena tells them that, after the war, they dug the jars up for the first time in daylight and made a “crude accounting” (311)of their contents. They continued to aid the children with food, money, and papers to the best of their ability, though it was difficult to locate the families due to the devastation of the war.

Further, there were implications they hadn’t reckoned with. For one, digging up the jars one final time forced them to realize that many, if not most, of the parents were now dead. Second, many of the younger children had only ever known their adoptive family; if their real parents were still alive, the children would have to live through the further trauma of being taken from the only family they’d ever known to their real family, whom they had never known.

The work of finding the children was too much for Irena, so she gave them to Adolf Berman, president of the Central Committee of Polish Jews. A few years later, he moved to Israel, and she doesn’t know what happened to the lists.

Irena reiterates the difficulty the Polish heroes continued to face under communism. She tells them that her own children only discovered Irena’s heroism when she was awarded the Yad Vashem medal; as a result of the award, her children began to face their own discrimination. She finishes by reiterating that she “had to help. It is not true that this was a heroic act, only a simple and natural need of the heart” (313).

Chapter 31 Summary: “Remembrances: Warsaw, May 2001”

Irena lunches and naps, then they resume their discussion, expecting to soon perform the play for Irena. Megan asks a question about one of the survivors, who felt that because of the Holocaust, “there could be no God” (315). Irena responds by telling her that there were many kinds of beliefs, and though her own belief wasn’t strong, there was one stroke of luck that made her feel that perhaps someone was looking out for her.

Although they expect to perform for Irena, she tells them that she has read it several times, and that it is painful to return to; she does not tell the girls directly, but she tells Mr. C., who later relays to them, that she does not wish to see the play. Sabrina asks if there are any more mistakes in the play, but Irena responds that “memory is fragile” (316), and that it will never be perfect. Nevertheless, she notes two minor corrections for them.

As they continue to talk, for every question the girls ask, Irena has two about them and their own experiences. She then tells them about Mietek and Stefan, whom she eventually married and with whom she had her children. After this, Irena grows tired and bids the girls farewell, but asks them to return the next morning before they leave Poland.

They return the next day, with fewer people around than the day before; the nurse remains stern, but says that after their visit, Irena’s blood pressure was lower than she had ever seen it. Irena, in their conversation, tells them that the world isn’t fair and expresses regret that she wasn’t able to be there for her mother:“I had to choose between my mission and my mother, and, God forgive me, I chose my mission” (319).

Following her escape, ZEGOTA provided her with new papers and a new identity. She reached out to Stefan to let him know that she was still alive, though it was too dangerous to travel to him. She had to stay with friends but made sure to visit her mother as frequently as possible. After telling them more about her experiences following her escape, she asks to speak with Megan alone; she asks Megan about her mother, then comforts her as she cries.

Soon after, they are forced to bid her farewell. Irena again asks them not to do what she did, then embraces each girl to tell them Kocham was—“I love you”—and goodbye.

Chapters 30-31 Analysis

Irena chooses not to view the performance. It is understandable, of course, that she wouldn’t want to drag up those memories, and this ties into the theme of communication, in this case how we wish to have our past experiences communicated back to us—or not. Yet, this performance was meant to be the crux of the trip. As a result, this reimagines the purpose of the trip. In the end, they did not go to perform for Irena but to commune with her, and there is a sense that in this and their subsequent meetings, she is passing a torch to the three girls from Kansas. This also repurposes the play and, in a way, formally sanctions it as her story. After all, she was there and does not need them to tell the story—it is the rest of the world that needs to hear it. Similarly, it is interesting that the “burning question” about the lists becomes a sort of anticlimactic moment, as Irena passed the lists onto someone else and no longer knows what happened to them. To some extent, it’s fitting. The lists were not a possession of hers, and all she did was pass them along to the person who was best able to make use of them. Yet, it still feels surprising that the lists she had worked so hard for were simply gone into the wind as far as she knew. As a result, their visit functioned as a repurposing of their understanding of the central elements of Irena’s life and as a way to help them fully understand their play.

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