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73 pages 2 hours read

Anthony Marra

Mercury Pictures Presents

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Part 2, Sections 3-4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2, Section 3: “The False Front” - Part 2, Section 4: “German Village”

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 1 Summary

Eddie is uncomfortable with his lucrative role in Tell ‘Em Tokyo because it is little more than a crude collection of “stereotypes and paranoid fantasies” (255). When he complains to Maria, she implies that he lacks gratitude. He feels belittled. Their relationship sours until filming wraps up.

They attend a costume party to celebrate the studio’s 20th birthday. Eddie dresses as the phantom of the opera, and Maria dresses as the bride of Frankenstein. Eddie’s rapid rise in American society since Pearl Harbor bewilders him. At the party in his monstrous phantom mask, he muses that it is the first time in a while that he has been able to walk down the street without people turning around to look at him.

Eddie listens to two seasoned film extras, Harold Chandler and Gerald Flann, discuss all of the historical wars in which they died on-screen as they prepare to enlist in the Navy the next day. Maria and Eddie drink and dance together and collapse happily into bed at the Montclair. Air-raid sirens and panic on the streets awaken them the next day. The “air raid” is a false alarm, a figment of the over-excited imagination of the local community. As a result of the false alarm, police arrest local Japanese residents. An executive order authorizes the establishment of internment camps.

Eddie hides in the back row at a matinee screening of Tell ‘Em in Tokyo. A group of drunken sailors follows him outside. They believe that he is the villain of the film they have been watching. Eddie successfully defends himself and escapes from his assailants. He is grateful for the lessons learned from various stuntmen throughout his career.

Eddie sees three familiar figures sitting at the bus stop. Imitators of Judy Garland and Clark Gable sit on either side of the real Bela Lugosi, whom Eddie knows from their work on a film together some years previously. He offers Bela a lift home.

Eddie is approached by his director, Gerhard Stahl, who asks him to work with a voice coach so that his accent sounds less American and confirms the preconceptions of his audience. As he drives away, he is stopped by a police patrolman who asks for his autograph, mistaking him for another Chinese film star, Philip Ahn. Eddie signs Philip’s name.

The voice coach, Dr. Chesterfield, calls Eddie Mr. Ru and insists that, by teaching him to conform to racist stereotypes, he is teaching him to speak “naturally” (268). Bela tells him that he, too, has been seeing Dr. Chesterfield. Little Tokyo is being repopulated with Black families from the Jim Crow South. As the children play “GIs and Japanese” (270), Eddie observes that the Black children choose to play the Japanese.

Casting directors passed Bela over for a Universal picture that plans to resurrect his famous role as Dracula. Bela’s career tanked when he refused to play Frankenstein’s monster. He hoped for romantic leading roles instead. Boris Karloff supplanted Bela in monster parts. Bela reveals that his main source of income now is as an impersonator of himself, under the name of Bruce Lancaster.

Bela retires to the bathroom and collapses under the effects of morphine. Eddie revives him and asks whether he regrets turning down Frankenstein and expresses doubts about the direction his career is taking. Bela tells him to take the jobs and the money.

The narrative briefly shifts forward 50 years, to the release of the film Ed Wood, in which Martin Landau portrayed Bela Lugosi and won an Oscar. Now in a retirement community, Eddie imagines Lugosi commenting that “Bruce Lancaster could have played it better” (274).

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 2 Summary

Twentieth Century Fox plagiarizes Tell ‘em in Tokyo and creates a new film entitled Little Tokyo USA. This new feature is an extended apology for mass internment camps and suggestions that the Japanese community is riddled with spies plotting against America. Artie is morally uncomfortable with the role his films played in cultivating this anti-Japanese sentiment.

The War Department informs Artie that he will have to find a replacement for Anna because they want her for the Chemical Warfare Corps. Artie and Maria discuss the fact that they do not know what has become of Ada and Giuseppe. They both struggle to accept the absence of answers.

Maria doesn’t go home but instead goes back down to the studios to begin work in secret on a new film. In response to their professional and moral frustrations, Maria and Eddie work on a script called The False Front. Eddie’s experience at the screening is the starting point. The film deals with the difficulties and paradoxes faced by “enemy aliens” in Hollywood.

Maria visits Vincent and shows him her father’s letters. Vincent asks Maria to help him join the Signal Corps so that he can assist in the invasion of Italy and perhaps be present for the liberation of San Lorenzo. Maria discourages him, saying that as an “enemy alien,” he would never be allowed to enlist.

Anna and Vincent watch propaganda reels together on Sundays in search of images of Kurt, which they have yet to find. Vincent feels in some way as if he is repaying his debt to Concetta, whom he left in limbo with no knowledge of her son’s fate, and Anna feels as if she is experiencing being a mother once more since Vincent’s age is similar to Kurt’s.

Anna asks Vincent why he helps her, and Vincent responds with another question: What would she do if she found herself sitting opposite the person responsible for Kurt’s loss? Anna responds that she would kill him slowly and that she would start by putting her cigarette out in his palm. Vincent closes his hand around Anna’s cigarette and squeezes it until he faints from the pain. The two embrace, and Vincent begs for forgiveness in Calabrian as Anna comforts him with lullabies in German. The next week, Vincent shows Anna the album of torn passport photos. She sees Vincent’s torn photo and learns his real name.

The narrative shifts to Maria’s secretary, Vedette. She sees Maria and Nino bent over the photo album and assumes they are practicing lines from a film. She is somewhat disappointed in Maria, as she always admired and emulated her career. She learns that Harold Chandler and Gerald Flann died in action. Vedette weeps for the men, whom she remembers as charming but who only ever played bit parts. She imagines them congratulating each other on having finally made “top billing” (298).

Distracted, Vedette knocks into the miniature model of the studio. She impulsively places the miniature figure of herself behind Maria’s desk.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 3 Summary

Artie “discovers” Eddie’s script because Maria pays all of the secretaries to huddle together in the ladies’ room and read it. Vedette asks Maria to put in a good word for her with Artie if he promotes Maria to executive producer.

Anna Weber leaves Mercury and Los Angeles to join the military.

At the bar, Vedette and Maria run into Betty Ludlow, Artie’s former mistress whom he abandoned when he realized she was married. Betty is on her ninth husband. She discovered that for each enlisted soldier she marries, she is entitled to a $50 monthly check from the army.

The narrative flashes forward and reveals that Betty got married a total of 18 times and went to prison for fraud when two of her husbands got into a bar brawl with each other in 1944. When she got out in 1947, she found one of the men, Chaz Mendes, her 10th husband, who, it emerges, she picked up around the time she met Maria and Vedette outside the prison. The two had a long and happy life together.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 4 Summary

Artie watches the chase scene from False Front as it romps through the studios. He is initially skeptical, but Maria points out that it will go into direct competition with a big A-list project, Guns of Midday, that Ned is pushing forward, in which Eddie Lu is cast as a villain. This wins Artie over.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 5 Summary

Artie learns that the board of directors is questioning his leadership and competence after they learned about the False Front project. He calls Maria and Eddie and tells them to abandon the film.

That evening, after he reads an article that describes the Manzanar Concentration Camp for Japanese immigrants in the Owens Valley, Eddie tells Maria that he plans to leave California the next day.

Maria tries to convince Eddie to at least finish shooting Guns of Midday. If he breaks his contract, he gets blacklisted in Hollywood. Eddie counters that he never found a satisfying ending for The False Front—that all versions of the script end with the actor trapped on the set of Tell ‘Em in Tokyo. He says that if he walks away in this manner, then the story finally has a satisfying close.

Eddie asks Maria if she has a suitcase, and she gives him her father’s old suitcase, which her mother once filled with cemetery earth before she gave it to Maria.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 6 Summary

Maria accompanies Eddie as far as she is allowed. When he asks if she will be alright, she reflects that if she were to say “no,” he would stay on at the expense of his happiness. She responds with “yes.”

She remembers that her father accompanied her mother and herself to the train station and abruptly stopped when he reached the invisible borders of the confino. Giuseppe seemed elated to see them walk on and let out “a glorious whoop” as if his wife and daughter walked “on water itself” (318). As Maria watches Eddie walk away carrying the same suitcase, she reflects that she never felt closer to her father.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 7 Summary

At Union Station, Eddie reflects on how similar the scenes of farewell and reunion are to those depicted so many times in the movies and at the studios. He buys first-class tickets to ride east on the Central Pacific.

Part 2, Section 3, Chapter 8 Summary

Vincent watches Victory in the East, which arrives too late to show Anna. Rudi Bloch invites Vincent to work as a cameraman and shoot a reenactment in a reproduction of Berlin that a studio in Utah built.

Part 2, Section 4, Chapter 1 Summary

At the Dugway Proving Ground, Anna finds herself in an international group of architects, chemists, and set designers. The progressive Jewish German architect Erich Sonnnenthal presides over the group. They learn from Colonel Macalister that their orders are to build a perfect, detailed replica of Kreuzberg, the Berlin neighborhood in which Anna grew up, so that the army can have a practice run before they firebomb the city. The raid plans target densely populated, residential, and historically predominantly socialist areas since the leading members of the Nazi Party live in villas that are too spaced out to be effectively targeted.

When the team completes the design and War Department representatives approve it, a chain gang comes in from the Utah State Penitentiary to build it in the baking heat. Anna reflects that the Americans replicate the labor practices of Nazi Germany.

Part 2, Section 4, Chapter 2 Summary

Anna works with Louis Harrington, a 17-year-old African American prisoner, as her assistant.

The narrative shifts to Louis’s backstory, which explains how he came to be in prison. Louis’s father is a master woodworker, and he expects Louis to carry on the family trade. Propaganda stories convince Louis to lie about his age and sign up for the army. He is disappointed when they assign him to the Steward’s Branch, where he trains in cooking and cleaning.

During a stopover in Utah before shipping out to the Pacific, Louis and his friend Charles stop at a diner for breakfast. A German prisoner of war serves behind the counter. The man behind the grill tells them he will not serve their “kind” (referring to their skin color). Louis asks why the diner will serve a Nazi but not a member of the US Navy. He refuses to leave, and the owner pulls out his rifle. A woman sees the gun and screams. The sudden noise causes the owner to accidentally shoot the German prisoner of war in the head. The judge sentences Louis to 50 years for manslaughter.

As the War Department ships in household furnishings, including children’s toys, for the houses, Anna feels increasingly uncomfortable. Louis finds a strange message carved into one of the floorboards delivered to the village from Soviet Russia. Anna concludes that it came from a labor camp. She sleeps in the reconstruction houses.

Part 2, Section 4, Chapter 3 Summary

Vincent arrives at the village with a Mercury camera crew to film the first bombing. Vincent and Anna drink together along with the other architects as they wait for the test. They discuss the possibility of going back to Europe. Sonnenthal feels that, as architects, they have the responsibility to rebuild the actual city they are now helping to destroy in effigy. Vincent remarks that he doesn’t merely think of going back to Europe; he feels like he never fully left it (339).

Part 2, Section 4, Chapter 4 Summary

The firebombing test begins, and the violent excitement it arouses in her shocks Anna. She is surprised by her lack of empathy for the civilian victims whose lives she simulated inside the tenements. As Vincent films, she wonders if he recalls the conflagration he and Giuseppe caused at the excavation site in San Lorenzo.

After the fire, Anna walks through the charred remains of the village. When she returns to her barracks, she finds an envelope with a letter from Vincent on her pillow. Sonnenthal tells her that they plan to rebuild the village for another test.

They continue to rebuild Kreuzberg and bomb it into oblivion for two years. Anna increasingly despairs as she grows certain that the bombs will kill Kurt. Vincent’s letter remains unopened.

After the bombs fall on the real Berlin in 1944, the project is finally called to a close, and leadership tells them that the next day will be the last simulation. Anna enters the village at nightfall and shuts herself in one of the houses. As the bombers approach, she opens Vincent’s letter and finds a close-up shot of Kurt from a film.

Part 2, Section 4, Chapter 5 Summary

The narrative shifts to Louis, who finished his sentence at the age of 67. He developed quite a reputation as a miniaturist since, after returning from Dugway with the miniature furniture he made with Anna, one of the wardens who sold his work to dealers and collectors invited him to go into business.

He visits Berlin’s Bergmann Dollhouse Museum, where some of his work is exhibited. He takes the engraved floorboard with him and travels to the address carved there. The message is from Hans to the lady of the house, Frau Schulman. Hans never returned from the war, and Frau Schulman never remarried. The message simply says, “I miss you, darling. Yours, Hans” (348).

Louis leaves feeling embarrassed but starts wondering if he might stay in Germany. The Germans treat him respectfully, and he finds it darkly amusing that everyone calls him “the American” and “that only in a foreign country is he considered a full citizen of his own” (348). As he turns to leave, Frau Schulman calls him back and invites him inside.

Part 2, Sections 3-4 Analysis

Section 3 centers on Eddie’s mounting discomfort with the moral and artistic compromises demanded of him and the real-life consequences of the films he makes. The distinction between reality and artifice increasingly erodes. Under the direction of his filmmakers, Eddie falsifies his pronunciation and speaks with a caricature of a foreign accent because directors and audiences find it more “natural.” This part of the narrative achieves a layered irony, with life imitating art that imitates life that doesn’t exist. Sailors on leave see Eddie at the cinema and, unable to distinguish between the film and reality, attack him. The creation of the first internment camps for Japanese nationals, together with the abandonment of The False Front project, lead Eddie to abandon Hollywood. His disillusionment stems from the disappointed hope that where artists gather, there will be true art. He finds that this is a mocking fantasy in Hollywood, where money and politics direct which artists will work and what their work will be.

With The False Front, Maria and Eddie seek to present a counternarrative on the immigrant experience, going against the dominant propaganda narratives that they themselves have played a role in producing. They are trying to counterbalance and atone for the Faustian pact that they have made in producing films such as Tell ‘Em in Tokyo.

The introduction of the historically real figure of Bela Lugosi into this fictional narrative adds a further layer of complexity to the text’s exploration of the relationship between Life and Art. Returning to the Frankenstein motif, Bela falls on hard times because he wants to hold out for romantic leads rather than take the role of the monster. In other words, like Eddie, he rejects the hybrid, fragmented, synthetic identity of the immigrant artist. In an absurd paradox, he now finds that his most lucrative line of work is pretending to be an impersonator of himself. They lose control of whether the art or life is the imitator, and audiences never know the difference.

Harold Chandler and Gerald Flann were “bit players” throughout their careers and see signing up for the Navy as just another performance. Their romantic vision of battle is surely, in part, a consequence of the very propaganda films that they have been involved in making. The shift in perspective to Vedette when she learns of their deaths and mourns them, and imagines how happy they would be to finally see themselves topping the bill, creates a powerful sense of pathos and is characteristic of the novel’s propensity to make space for “bit players.”

Whereas Anna refused the Faustian compromise offered by Hasso and Goebbels, in Section 4, she accepts the role offered by the War Department at Dugway Proving Ground. The consequences, as with any Faustian compromise, are devastating.

The German village project employs a team of highly skilled creative professionals for purely destructive purposes. Anna is engaged in meticulously reconstructing her lost home so that American bombardiers can more effectively destroy it. The labor is carried out by a mostly African American chain gang. Anna concludes that the American mentality behind the German village is identical to that of Nazi Germany—that it is the “farthest outpost of the Third Reich, alike in the immodesty of its vision and narrowness of its humanity” (328).

The story of Louis adds a further dimension to the theme of immigration and identity. Louis is not a first-generation immigrant like the others, but his African American ethnicity means that his government and fellow citizens treat him as an outsider and far worse than the European refugees. He paradoxically feels fully “American” only when outside America itself.

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