logo

37 pages 1 hour read

Charlotte McConaghy

Migrations

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Part 3, Chapters 25-EpilogueChapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3, Chapters 25-Epilogue Summary

Content Warning: This novel depicts suicidal ideation and a suicide attempt

Five years after Franny’s realization about her mother, she gives birth to a stillborn baby girl. In her grief, she runs away from Galway for months. As she wanders alone through Yellowstone National Forest, Niall calls to tell her he can’t bear another abandonment. Franny agrees to accompany him to Scotland, to work at a conservation society called MER, but once there they are disappointed by the pessimism and human-centric viewpoint of the other employees. MER prioritizes saving pollinator species and conditioning their behavior to up their odds of survival. They have captured several Arctic terns, seeking to teach them to eat plants rather than fish. Niall believes that the terns will never adapt. They will keep flying until they find fish or die, because it is “in their nature” (218). Frustrated, he leaves MER and returns to Galway.

Soon afterward, Franny and Niall attend a party in Galway. As Franny drives them home, Niall surprises her by ending their relationship. He tells her that she shouldn’t be ashamed of her wandering nature and doesn’t want their marriage to tie her down. Heartbroken and suicidal, Franny intentionally steers into another vehicle, killing both Niall and the young mother in the other car. She is sent to prison for murder but paroled after four years.

After her release, Penny picks Franny up and takes her to Niall’s childhood home, where Franny finds a book in which he kept a log of observations about her, long before they were married. In it, he wrote, “I wait, always” (242). Penny gives Franny his will, in which he expresses a wish to have his ashes scattered with the Arctic terns. Franny asks Penny to have Niall’s body exhumed and cremated: She will take him to where the terns fly.

Aboard the yacht, Ennis weathers a perilous storm. Franny realizes that it’s unlikely any terns have survived the weather; she privately lets go of her hope that they’re alive. She mentally lets go of them, blaming their deaths on the way humans have negatively impacted the Earth. Emotionally shaken, she throws up.

Though they no longer have any way of tracking the terns, Franny remembers that Niall once told her the birds always stop at the Weddell Sea. She uses what Niall told her about the terns’ migration patterns to guide Ennis’s navigation. The yacht sails along the coast of the Atlantic toward the Weddell Sea. Temperatures drop rapidly and the ship begins to freeze, so Ennis docks prematurely in the Amundsen Sea. Franny and Ennis walk for three days. On the third day with no terns in sight, Franny is on the verge of giving up. She feels that Niall’s spirit has abandoned her. As she crests a steep hill she suddenly sees hundreds of terns wheeling in the sky, above a sea teeming with fish and whales. Franny tells Ennis she’s sorry he can’t catch any of the fish. He responds, “I stopped wanting to catch them a long time ago” (248).

Ennis leaves Franny to be alone with Niall’s ashes. When he has gone back to the yacht, Franny takes off her clothes and wades into the sea with the ashes. She promises that she will take a piece of all her loved ones with her in death: Her mother, her grandmother, her grandfather, and her daughter. But she will not take anything from Niall. Instead, she will give him “the wilderness inside [her]“ (251). As she sinks to the bottom of the sea, she hears Niall’s voice asking her if she can wait for him. She realizes that while there is still living nature on Earth, “there are things yet to be done” (252). Franny returns to the surface, where a rescue helicopter picks her up.

In prison, Franny learns that the world’s last gray wolf has been captured and sent to MER. Six years later, she is released from prison for the second time. An unknown man is waiting for her outside. As she draws closer, she recognizes her father Dominic. He shows Franny a tattoo on his hand of her mother’s favorite bird. Tentatively, she asks if he would like to accompany her to Scotland.

Part 3, Chapters 25-Epilogue Analysis

These final chapters build on the theme of Decentering Humanity from Climate Preservation. In prison, Franny laments humanity’s desire to assert its own will over wildlife; as the wolf can’t breed, there is nothing to be gained by keeping it in captivity as a spectacle for humans. This drives home the point that humans don’t know how to love without seeking consumption and ownership. Selfishness has contributed to the dire climate situation in Migrations.

The devastation of the natural world continues: In her memory, Franny wanders through a Yellowstone devoid of animal life. At MER, Franny and Niall are upset with the approach taken by conservationists who focus on saving only the animals most necessary for humanity’s survival. It’s an extension of the same ”overwhelming, annihilating selfishness” that led them to imprison the last wolf (209).

The conservationists argue that they are only being practical, that “prioritizing is life” (209). This conviction stems from the flawed perspective that humanity is inherently more worthy of life than other species. Migrations encourages readers to question this presumption through the perspectives of Franny and Niall, who see humanity’s small role in the vastness of Earth. These two characters know that the natural world is worth saving outside of what it can offer to human beings.

Humanity’s selfishness makes Niall’s selfless love for Franny all the more remarkable. He never seeks ownership of her wildness. Instead, he accepts her need to roam; when he can no longer tolerate the emotional fallout, he releases her from their relationship rather than trying to cage her. Franny can’t extend the same acceptance toward him when he decides to leave her; her impulsive reaction results in his death.

Ennis finally finds his white whale when he and Franny come upon the sea teeming with fish. By now, Ennis knows better than to carry out his original mission. He understands that the fish’s purpose is not to make him wealthy but simply to exist. By abandoning his quest to manipulate nature for personal gain, he avoids Ahab’s fate of self-destruction. His character is round rather than flat, meaning that he changes throughout the novel. He joins Franny in understanding the indomitable power of the natural world and feels grateful just to exist among the remaining wildlife. In a final nod to Moby Dick, the pair watches a massive whale fin breach the water.

Franny undergoes more growth in these final chapters. In a significant moment aboard the Sternea Paradisea, she releases the terns from “the burden of surviving” for her sake (221). In doing so she symbolically releases Niall from the same burden, accepting his death. Having finally confronted all of her traumas, Franny can begin to process and heal from her grief.

Franny’s final submersion in the ocean with Niall’s ashes is a moment of rebirth. Though she enters the water intending to drown herself, she instead fights her way out from the “endless drowning shame” that she’s carried with her for so long (252). Just as he promised in life, Niall’s spirit finds her and brings her back from the brink of death. When she re-emerges, it’s with a newfound acceptance of herself and a sense of hope for the future.

With the discovery of the thriving flock of terns, Migrations ends on a hopeful note. Since the beginning of the novel, the terns have been abandoned by conservationists, written off as impossible to save. Their miraculous survival indicates that other endangered species can save themselves if allowed to pursue their instinctual behaviors without human intervention. Through accepting all things as they are, redemption is still possible, both for Franny and for the devastated but perseverant Earth.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Related Titles

By Charlotte McConaghy