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52 pages 1 hour read

Kate DiCamillo

Raymie Nightingale

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2016

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Symbols & Motifs

The Book Cover

The life and history of Florence Nightingale are only briefly touched on in the narrative, but the cover of the book A Bright and Shining Path: The Life of Florence Nightingale plays an important role. The cover shows:

[…] soldiers stretched out on their backs on what looked like a battlefield and the lady was walking in between the soldiers and carrying a lamp over her head, and the men were holding their hands out to her begging her for something (55).

The cover makes Louisiana think that “Florence Nightingale helps those who have fallen on the battlefield of life. She comes to them with her magic globe” (205). The lamp becomes a symbol of hope and determination. It appears in Raymie’s dream being passed on to her by Mrs. Borkowski. As she saves Louisiana, Raymie feels that she finally understands Florence Nightingale and the significance of the lantern and the shining path.

The Soul

Mrs. Borkowski introduced Raymie to the concept of souls, believing that most people let their souls shrivel. Raymie’s soul represents her innermost emotions. Raymie feels her soul change shape and density depending on her changing emotions and those of people close to her, swelling in response to positive emotions. Once Raymie has overcome her fears and discovers self-confidence and hope for the future, her soul merges into her body.

Bunny Barrettes

Louisiana’s good luck bunny barrettes reflect her scattered, charmingly whimsical personality. The bunnies seem to multiply, cluster, glow, or look alert depending on the situation, often serving as a metaphor for Louisiana’s personality: “Her bunny barrettes glowed in the light of the sun. Each barrette looked purposeful, alive, as if it were busy receiving messages from very far away” (92). As more of Louisiana’s personality is revealed, however, it becomes clear that she chooses to live in a fantasy world in which the traumas she’s suffered are hidden away. In that respect, her pink dresses and barrettes also symbolize her coping mechanism of hiding behind childlike whimsy rather than confronting the truth of her difficult and tragic circumstances. 

Bunny the Dog and Archie

Bunny, renamed Buddy by Beverly, symbolizes second chances and hope. Buddy initially resembles all three girls, battered like Beverly, optimistic and hopeful like Louisiana, and fearful of being alone like Raymie. He is given a second chance at a happy life with Beverly by trusting the girls. Beverly needs loving support in her life, and now, in addition to her new friends, she has Buddy.

Archie either represents a miracle, according to Louisiana, or just a cat doing what cats do, according to Ruthie. Throughout the book Archie is the trigger for Louisiana’s stubborn determination and hope. Louisiana’s belief in Archie never wavers, and this belief is rewarded by Archie’s safe return.

The Yellow Bird

The yellow bird belongs to the janitor, who kept it caged in his office. The caged bird symbolizes the three girls, trapped in their emotional and situational cages. Louisiana frees the bird, releasing it from the confines of its cage, mirroring the gradual loosening of the restrictive bonds of anxiety, fear, and hurt the girls have suffered. However, releasing the bird is not entirely joyful. Raymie feels sad looking at the empty cage since it reminds her of her absent father. The janitor also loves the yellow bird and is heartbroken at losing it. 

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