30 pages • 1 hour read
Jhumpa LahiriA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Miranda is the protagonist of “Sexy” and the story focuses on her experience through third person narration and, particularly, flashbacks. The story’s other major characters, Dev, Laxmi, and Rohin are seen only as they interact with her. Miranda is 22 years old and new to Boston; the only two characters who appear as important in Miranda’s daily life are both of Indian heritage: Laxmi, her colleague, and Dev, the older married man with whom Miranda is secretly having an affair. Miranda’s character is the point of view through which the narrative explores ideas of identity, morality, and connection, especially in relation to racial and cultural differences.
Miranda is single and starting out in life; she is working in fundraising for public radio and is clearly junior in her career. She was brought up and went to College in Michigan, in what the story’s details reveal as small-town, insular environment. She has deliberately sought out a different life “precisely because” she knows no one in Boston, and she is still learning how to navigate the challenges that this new life presents. Miranda’s naivete in comparison to Laxmi and Dev is made obvious immediately and throughout the story: although her role is as the protagonist, her character can also be read as a foil to Indian American identity and experience. Where the Indian characters are mature, well-travelled, sophisticated, multilingual, and practiced at navigating the demands of their mixed, diaspora lives and identities, Miranda seems much younger, simpler and impressionable. She doesn’t “know what she wanted” (84) and the tone of her narrative is of a young person feeling her way through her experiences rather than living in an analytical or purposeful way. Her voice is not self-reflective. Miranda is a sympathetic character, however, and the interest and tension of the story is largely generated by her naïve attempts to relate to Laxmi and Dev, and to navigate her feelings of attraction and fascination for them as different from her.
Miranda’s wish to broaden her cultural horizons is centered on the figure of Dev, her love interest. The driving force of her story, however, is a flashback to her childhood in Michigan of which she now feels “shame”: she remembers the Indian Dixit family who lived nearby and how they were the objects of scorn and ridicule in the neighborhood. She herself felt confusion, fear, and embarrassment when welcomed into their home, feelings which lasted “for a while” afterwards (91). While not made explicit, the significance of this context to Miranda’s behavior towards Laxmi, Dev, and their Indian culture, informs her (subconscious) motivations for cultural engagement as an adult.
Miranda’s character does appear to develop through the story and, as a young person living a new life, she seems to be gaining a deeper and more solid sense of self. After her affair ends, she seeks out the places she spent with Dev but ends up sitting alone on a bench, gazing at a church “and at the clear blue sky spread over the city” (110). This ending hints at a new level of self-reflectiveness, contentment, and self-reliance in Miranda.
Dev is the older, married man with whom Miranda is having an affair. He grew up in India and was sent to college in the US to escape The Emergency (1975-1977), putting him in his early 40s, compared to Miranda’s 22 years. He is seen only from Miranda’s perspective, most often through her memories or imaginations. This adds a layer of narrative mystery to him as a character; his character exists through the prism of Miranda’s desires and the possibilities of her new city life and identity. Dev is an investment banker and is clearly wealthy. The glamor that his age and wealth bring to the affair is part of the attraction for Miranda, who details his expensive clothes, dates, and the high-end meals they share at first. This is added to the glamour of the stories he tells her about his youth in India: “he would come home from school and drink mango juice served to him on a tray, and then play cricket by a lake, dressed all in white” (90).
Dev is debonair, sophisticated, and courteous, but he also seems self-interested and lacking moral qualms about others’ feelings. There are many signs that he has been serially unfaithful to his wife and that he picked up Miranda in Feline’s to take advantage of his wife’s brief absence. When his wife returns, he assumes the affair will continue on entirely his own terms: only on Sundays at Miranda’s apartment, arriving in gym clothes and leaving quickly after peremptory sex (“he entered her without a word” (90)). His lack of emotional availability and Miranda’s growing sense of dissatisfaction is evident to the reader while it remains hidden to herself: part of Dev’s function as a character is to provide a means for Miranda to acknowledge her disappointment and grow in her own sense of worth as a young woman.
Dev is the focus of Miranda’s curiosity about Indian and Bengali culture. The story at first suggests that her interest in his culture is partly an extension of her infatuation with him, reflecting the power dynamic between them, and the fact that, given his absence, she spends much more time seeking ways to feel close to him than actually being with him. Eating Bengali food and reading the alphabet seems a proxy for his company although, in practice, the alienation she feels demonstrates the cultural gulf between them. Miranda’s childhood flashback, however, presents an alternative motivation for her, namely that she is subconsciously attempting to heal her feelings of shame in regard to the Dixit family. This makes Dev’s role more complex and evens out the apparent power balance between them: Miranda is also using him for her own purposes, albeit unconsciously.
Laxmi is Miranda’s coworker and is “only a few years older than Miranda, but she was already married, and kept a photo of herself and her husband, seated on a white stone bench in front of the Taj Mahal, tacked to the inside of her cubicle, which was next to Miranda’s” (82). Their connection is merely circumstantial at first, although Miranda hears a lot about Laxmi’s life through her private telephone conversations. Miranda initially finds Laxmi’s long personal chats “distracting” until she is drawn into the discussion of Laxmi’s cousin’s marital breakdown. Laxmi therefore provides the theme of the parallel affair which is so crucial to the structure and meaning of the story, and its ending. Her enlistment of Miranda’s help with Rohin unknowingly precipitates Miranda’s moral crisis and leads to the ending of Miranda’s affair with Dev.
Laxmi appears to be open, friendly, and unembarrassed about social chatter in the workplace, and her character is a foil to Miranda’s apparent reserve. The contrast between Laxmi and Miranda partly draws on cultural archetypes around privacy, social information, and attitudes to family and the work environment in Indian communities as compared to the US more generally. Laxmi’s character also functions as representative in some ways of middle-class Indians living in Western countries: she is “already married,” and has travelled overseas; she is multilingual and has an extended network of family and friends living far away but with whom she has close relationships. She is clearly financially comfortable in a way that Miranda is not, suggesting that her job provides the secondary income in her household. In this way, Laxmi’s character presents an Indian cultural backdrop for the presentation of Miranda’s relationship with Dev across a cultural divide. Although Laxmi doesn’t know about Dev, the information which she introduces to the story helps to contextualize and explore Miranda’s situation, and helps the reader fill in gaps around Dev’s family life, especially as viewed from an (Indian) wife’s perspective.
Rohin is the seven-year-old son of Laxmi’s nameless cousin. It is Rohin’s parents whose marital breakdown creates discussion between Laxmi and Miranda. Although Rohin does not appear in person until late in the story (and is not named until then), he is mentioned at the story’s beginning, as a “genius” who speaks four languages and has skipped two grades. When Miranda finally meets Rohin, he has clearly experienced distress at his family situation: “The boy was thin […] His hair was cut in a thick fringe over his eyes, which had dark circles under them […] They made him look haggard” (100).
Rohin’s interaction with Miranda leads her to seriously consider her situation with Dev from the perspective of his wife and family, seemingly for the first time. The scene between Rohin and Miranda is deeply unsettling, partly because the narrative clash of the parallel affair strands causes heightened suspense and tension in the story, and partly because of the rather incongruous behavior of Rohin towards Miranda. Rohin’s innocent curiosity as a child intersects uncomfortably with Miranda’s secret sex life when he finds her silver cocktail dress and asks her to put it on. When Rohin calls her “sexy”, the narrative shifts the deliberate sexiness of the dress she bought to impress Dev into an inappropriate sexiness in relation to Rohin. This narrative incongruity is symbolic of the inappropriateness of Miranda’s affair with Dev and how an extra-marital relationship between consenting adults is damaging when viewed from the family’s perspective. Rohin is a precocious seven-year-old and shows emotional intelligence in attempting to process the personally and ethically difficult dilemma of family breakup. It is Rohin who tells Miranda that “sexy” “means loving someone you don’t know” (108), a statement which leads Miranda to see her relationship with Dev for what it is.
By Jhumpa Lahiri