41 pages • 1 hour read
Ken KeseyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Oregon is overcast with cold November rain and inundated with the sounds of Canada geese. Lee, Hank, and Eggleston listen to the honking: “‘[w]inter is here,’ the geese proclaimed” (454). The rain is unceasing; it “falls on the just and unjust alike” (456).
Eggleston runs a laundromat. He bought the movie theater next door at his wife’s suggestion so that no competing laundry business would move in. His wife became jealous of Eggleston’s Black assistant, Jelly, suspicious that her husband was having an affair. Eggleston was not having an affair, but after his wife accuses him, he and Jelly get together. Eggleston and Jelly continue their affair even after she moves to Portland. Eggleston frequently goes to Portland to see her on the pretense of choosing films for the theater. Eggleston also sends money to support Jelly and the child they secretly have together.
However, the logging strike has financially squeezed the town’s residents, so Eggleston’s revenues have gone down. He is having a hard time sending money to Jelly, so she has the idea of marrying a sailor for financial reasons, while still seeing Eggleston. Growing cold and disengaged, Eggleston finds himself “envying the geese their invisible confidants in the winnowing dark overhead” (462). Eggleston writes a letter to Jelly saying he is coming to see her, but leaves out in the open, fully expecting his wife to find it. He writes a letter to his wife saying he will be gone on movie theater business. Eggleston weeps afterwards and decides that Hank is to blame for his situation (since the Stampers are interfering with the strike).
Many members of the extended Stamper family have descended on town because Draeger has spread the rumor that Hank is going to sell the logging operation. All of the relatives who have ever worked for the Stamper business are shareholders and expect to receive a portion of the supposed sale. The flu is also going around, adding to the dreariness caused by the protracted strike, the nonstop rain, and the noise of the geese.
Lee reads poetry by Wallace Stevens in his room at night, then goes to see Viv, who is alone in her room. She asks Lee why he has really come to Oregon. Viv asks the question seriously, but Lee brushes it off. He instead gives her a book of Wallace Stevens poems and insists she reads it. Viv finds the poetry difficult to understand.
Because of the flu, Hank is having trouble getting enough help to continue the logging work. Even Lee is sick, but Hank convinces him to come to work. Hank gets a call from Eggleston, who sounds drunk. The narrator describes Eggleston committing suicide by intentionally driving himself off the road.
As torrential rains pour down, flocks of geese fill the sky with noise, and the flu ravages the population, nature holds a powerful force throughout this section of the novel. Despite all of the differences and conflicts between characters—from the union’s battle against the Stampers to the rivalry of Hank and Lee—all of the characters are helpless against these natural forces.
The Stampers’ resistance has deeply affected the residents of their town. Eggleston is a poignant example of how the Stampers’ refusal to side with the union and help end the strike has economically squeezed the town. Eggleston, like many in the town, is not directly involved in the logging business. However, his laundromat and movie theater businesses depend on his customers having cash to afford his services. As the Stampers’ unwillingness to back down causes loggers to lose income, businesses that depend on having the loggers as customers suffer.
When the town is flush, Eggleston exemplifies many of the qualities of traditional powerful masculinity. He has a thriving business, getting a leg up on competitors by buying the movie theater next door. He is sexually promiscuous, carrying on an affair that flaunts both his sex appeal (in the form of his and Jelly’s child) and his self-assuredness as the relationship would scandalize some residents of town because of Jelly’s race. And he provides for two households—his wife’s and Jelly’s. Eggleston is in love with Jelly, but when his business revenue falls, it becomes a challenge to continue to support Jelly. Eggleston is devastated when Jelly seems to be bringing the affair to an end. Unable to cope with the emasculating disintegration of his world, Eggleston kills himself.
By Ken Kesey