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49 pages 1 hour read

E. B. White

Stuart Little

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1945

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Chapters 11-15Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 11 Summary: “The Automobile”

The Little family hunts all over the house for Margalo for days without finding her, and Stuart is heartbroken. They question Snowbell, who denies any knowledge of her whereabouts. Finally, Stuart realizes he will have to leave home and go out into the world to find her. He collects his things—including a strand of his mother’s hair to remember her by—and goes in search of his friend Doctor Carey, hoping for advice as to where to go to find Margalo.

Doctor Carey recommends that he go north, and he provides Stuart with a tiny model car. It has a gasoline engine and plenty of power, and it will take Stuart anywhere he wants to go. It even has a little button that will turn the car invisible. Stuart tests it out, but when he tries to make the car visible again, he accidentally puts it into gear. The invisible car races all over the office, banging into things until it runs out of gas.

When they are finally able to locate it again, the car has been badly battered, and Stuart’s spirits drop. He feels terrible for damaging Doctor Carey’s car. He is already homesick, and he is afraid he will never see Margalo again.

Chapter 12 Summary: “The Schoolroom”

While Doctor Carey is repairing the car, Stuart goes shopping for the clothes and accessories he will need for his journey. He spends the night at the doctor’s apartment and sets out early the next morning, headed north (being careful not to touch the invisibility button). Coming to a town, Stuart passes a man seated despondently by the side of the road and stops to ask if he needs help. The man is the superintendent and one of his teachers, Miss Gunderson, is out sick. He can’t find a substitute, and school is about to begin. Stuart offers to fill in, and the superintendent gratefully accepts.

Stuart changes from his driving costume into a jacket, tie, and spectacles suitable for a teacher. He strides confidently into the classroom and climbs a yardstick to the top of Miss Gunderson’s desk. The students are impressed by his size and costume and quickly take their seats.

Stuart dismisses the usual subjects—reading, writing, and arithmetic—as not worth wasting time on. He proposes that they spend their time talking about what they would do if they were chairman of the world. They decide on a few laws: no being mean, and no stealing. After some experimentation, they decide the laws are good and will work fine.

Part of the lesson revolves around a little pillow stuffed with pine needles belonging to one of the girls. At the end of the lesson, Stuart finds he desperately longs for that pillow to use as his bed. He asks the girl, Katharine, if he can buy it from her, but she won’t part with it because it is a token of the most beautiful summer of her life. Stuart accepts that he cannot have the pillow and advises the students to never forget their summers. He then dismisses the class, gets in his car, and resumes his journey.

Chapter 13 Summary: “Ames’ Crossing”

Stuart passes through many towns, but the loveliest is Ames’ Crossing. Stuart pauses at the general store for a drink of sarsaparilla, and the storekeeper tells him about a young woman who lives in the town, Harriet Ames, who is no taller than Stuart. He suggests that they ought to meet. Stuart declines, saying that his quest keeps him too much on the move for a social life.

He pays for his drink and leaves, but Ames’ Crossing exerts too strong a pull for him to drive away, and he stops for the night by a stream. In the morning, he goes to the post office to fill his fountain pen at the inkwell. He is there when Harriet Ames enters. Stuart is struck by both her beauty and the fact that her head is hardly higher than his shoulder. He doesn’t dare speak to her but waits until she is out of sight. Then, hurrying to a nearby shop, he finds a tiny sheet of paper and writes her a letter.

His letter is formal and somewhat pompous. In it, he describes himself as being “somewhat mouselike” in appearance, and invites her in poetic language to go for a ride with him in his canoe. The trouble is that he doesn’t have a canoe. Closing the letter, he asks the shopkeeper where he could find one, and the shopkeeper sells him a tiny souvenir canoe of birchbark with the words “Summer Memories” stamped on it. The shopkeeper offers Stuart a couple of little paper ice cream spoons as paddles. Stuart is dismayed by the makeshift paddles because they don’t fit his picture of a proper canoe. Nevertheless, he carries the canoe—paddles and all—back to his little campground by the stream, eager to show off his prowess as a boatman.

Chapter 14 Summary: “An Evening on the River”

The canoe is a great disappointment. It leaks. Stuart spends the afternoon repairing it, then has to ballast it with stones and make a backrest and pillow for Harriet’s comfort. He’s angry that the paddles look ridiculous; it isn’t what he imagined. He spends the evening imagining every detail of his date with Harriet—how everything will look, how perfect and beautiful it will be, and how much she will admire him.

The next morning is cloudy, and Stuart is afraid the date will not go as he wishes. Harriet arrives, and Stuart tries to appear careless and confident. He greets her in what he hopes sounds like an English accent.

Escorting Harriet back to his little campground, Stuart finds that his canoe has disappeared. Ready to cry, he rushes up and down the bank, looking for it. When he finds it, the canoe has been ruined. Some child has found and played with it, and it is nearly destroyed. Harriet suggests that they repair it and go out anyway, but Stuart rejects the idea. He is furious that his fantasy has been spoiled. Harriet then suggests they simply change their plans; they might dine at her house and go dancing at the Country Club. Stuart rejects her proposal, and Harriet goes home, leaving Stuart alone.

Chapter 15 Summary: “Heading North”

Stuart wakes to a new day; the sun is shining, and every bird twittering in the trees might be Margalo. Stuart sets out in his little car and comes to a fork in the road. One way goes west and the other north. He spies a telephone repairman sitting by the side of the road and stops to ask if the repairman ever sees birds atop the telephone poles. The repairman affirms that he does, and Stuart asks whether, if he ever came across Margalo, he contact Stuart. The repair man carefully takes down a description of Margalo—a plain brown bird with a streak of yellow on her breast—and promises to contact Stuart if he should ever meet her.

Stuart tells the repairman that he is traveling north, and the repairman replies that north is a good direction. They agree that while all the other directions are good in their own ways, there is something special about the north. Stuart says that he thinks he will probably go north for the rest of his days, and the repairman says there are worse things a person might do.

Stuart climbs in his car and turns his face toward the north, toward an endless horizon, and feels that he is going in the right direction.

Chapters 11-15 Analysis

In Chapter 11, the author introduces the idea that Snowbell can speak and that the family has interrogated him. There has never been an intimation in the story that Snowbell can speak to anyone but Stuart. This implies that the family either rarely speaks to Snowbell, or that Snowbell lies to them and pretends he can be trusted around Stuart and Margalo. The image of the family questioning Snowbell, therefore, introduces a note of humor to the scene.

Unable to find Margalo at home, Stuart has no choice but to seek her outside. This is a wrenching transition that emphasizes The Balance Between Youth and Maturity. He is about to leave the home of his mother, who represents security and comfort. He is leaving like Margalo, without a word, because his youthful attachments would win out should he stop to exchange a tearful goodbye with the family who cherishes him. Still, he takes a token of his mother with him, representing the love and security she gave him. Her love will sustain him in his pursuit of Margalo, the woman who represents his maturity.

The disaster with the car is a warning to Stuart that he is setting out to do something difficult. Though Stuart is highly accommodated in his typical daily life, in the great outdoors, he must cope with Being Small in a Large World all on his own. This is different from day trips to the park, where he sails within the concrete borders of a pond and goes home to his family at night. From now on, his actions have consequences from which no one will be around to rescue him.

The first adventure on Stuart’s road trip is when he stops to teach school for the day. In this scene, Stuart plays the role of the adult teaching children—and perhaps clarifying in his own mind—about how the adult world works: there must be a system of rules that applies to everyone. Stuart straddles the line between youth and maturity in this scene. Though he is pretending to be a teacher, as a child would, he acts mature around the kids and says wise things. At the end of the day, he looks at the pillow that represents a child’s perfect summer, and for a moment, he longs to be able to buy back a piece of childhood. Katharine is smart enough to hold it close, and Stuart reluctantly admires her wisdom. Symbolically, Stuart has left his childhood behind and resigned himself to the future—a beautiful future, but not without regret for the summer of his childhood.

Stuart follows the life of a restless wanderer for a while. He feels himself to be insubstantial and rootless, pulled in too many directions and unsure of where he is going. Ames’ Crossing seems to offer solid ground for him to stand on. He could live there, balanced between his past and his future.

If Margalo is one kind of ideal, then Harriet Ames is another. She is beautiful, the same size as Stuart, and likely from a wealthy family—judging by her clothes and her last name. If he could settle down anywhere with anyone, surely it would be her. Unlike his relationship with Margalo, which emphasizes Embracing the Differences of Others, Harriet represents the comfort of similarity. No one else in Stuart’s life could relate to him the way Harriet could, if he were to form a true bond with her. However, Stuart is still navigating The Balance Between Youth and Maturity, and youth wins out in this scene. Stuart is petulant and childish throughout the chapter. He never tries to get to know Harriet, only to impress her with a false version of himself. The true Stuart cannot, and will not, settle down in Ames’ Crossing. But Stuart does not yet know that; he is once again playacting, complete with props and costumes, and finding for the first time that he can’t make it fit.

The name of the canoe—”Summer Memories”—refers back to Chapter 12, in which Stuart tells the children to hold fast to their summer memories. Stuart wants to relive a version of his past triumph as a sailor on a perfect summer day in Central Park. Unfortunately, the canoe can’t live up to either his memories or his hopes. His effort to impress Harriet fails not because she is disappointed: Harriet would have been happy to spend an afternoon getting to know Stuart and offers multiple opportunities for precisely that. Stuart, however, is too invested in his fantasy of perfection to appreciate either her or the beauty of the actual moment.

The turn of the weather and the failure of the date are a warning that Stuart is betraying himself. It is not the town that attracts him but the fantasy of who he might be there, and reality can’t live up to the fantasy. Stuart learns that as important as it is to treasure the memory of the perfect summers of childhood, they can only be memories, never relived. Margalo and the inspiration she represents are the one true thing that Stuart is looking for.

Stuart’s journey ends on an ambiguous note. Turning north, in the direction that birds fly in the summer, Stuart seems to disappear into the horizon. He becomes, as he says to the shopkeeper at Ames’ Crossing, “a will-o’-the-wisp” or a restless wind. His family will grieve for him, and New York will go on without him. He will be a dream—briefly in their lives, then gone—as he was a dream of the author’s before he became a story.

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