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J. D. SalingerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Salinger was born in New York City in 1919, a few months after the end of World War I and 20 years before World War II. His mother was Scotch Irish, and his father was Jewish. Salinger attended the McBurney School in Manhattan for high school, where he failed out and later attended Valley Forge Military Academy. He took an interest in writing and later attended a writing course at Columbia University after dropping out of New York University. He submitted his first stories to Story magazine and The New Yorker, but his writing career was interrupted by the World War II draft. Salinger fought on D-Day during the invasion of Normandy, and later witnessed a concentration camp during the de-Nazification of Germany (“JD Salinger ~ Timeline of Major Events.” PBS, 2022).
Salinger’s experience with war, especially his post-traumatic stress disorder and subsequent stay at a mental health facility, heavily influenced his writing: In “Teddy,” his experiences manifest as Teddy’s father, Mr. McArdle, who wants him to wear his dog tags. Salinger’s work is often characterized as unsentimental in order to tackle darker themes such as death and loss of innocence. To overcome the disenfranchisement of post-World War II America, he turned to religion—specifically, Buddhism and Hinduism, as reflected in Teddy’s preoccupation with Vedantic Reincarnation.
Salinger wrote during the transitional period between the Modern movement and the Postmodern movement. Postmodern literature emerged at the end of World War II, toward the end of the 1950s and early 1960s, as a response to Modernism and World War II. Postmodernism rejects the idea of a single, objective truth and embraces ambiguity, pluralism, and multiple interpretations: It is the “embrace of randomness, playfulness, fragmentation, metafiction, and intertextuality” (“Postmodern Literature Guide: 10 Notable Postmodern Authors – 2023.” MasterClass, 2021).
“Teddy” is a philosophical story, in which questions and ending reinforce the dynamic between Teddy and Nicholson and reader and text. While Nicholson can interpret Teddy’s ideas, he cannot receive concrete answers. In parallel, the story also offers no concrete answers, its interplay between reader and text drawing on Postmodern metafiction: The text is aware of its limitations as a text. The story’s ambiguous ending plays into these limitations, abruptly leaving the reader and the character of Nicholson with more questions (that will remain unanswered, thus providing multiple interpretations) about the potential truth of Teddy’s deadly premonition.
By J. D. Salinger