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134 pages 4 hours read

Ruta Sepetys

The Fountains of Silence: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2019

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Chapters 44-55Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 44 Summary

Julia recalls the horrors her mother, a woman who secretly sewed Republican flags, endured:

They shaved her head in prison. They branded her bare flesh with the yoke-and-arrow symbol of the Falange. They force-fed her castor oil so she would soil herself. They paraded her mother through the streets, human dignity excreting down her legs for all to see. Their mother, a teacher, became a human billboard: This is what happens when you become a Rojilla, a little Red (170).

Because of what she’s seen, Julia stays quiet to keep the rest of her family safe. She worries about Ana and Rafa. She knows that the younger generation is full of energy and wants to make changes. Rafa thinks helping Fuga is a way out, and Ana believes that she can figure out a way to leave Spain. Julia’s boss shows her the picture of Ana from the fashion show.

Chapter 45 Summary

Sister Hortensia asks Puri to place an envelope in one of the children’s files, giving her the keys to the locked file library. Puri is excited that she “has won Sister’s trust” (172). While in the file library, Puri glances through the child’s files and finds a document listing adoption fees; the costs are exorbitant, seemingly out of character for a Catholic charity.

Chapter 46 Summary

Rafa goes to confession, where he confesses to illegally training with the bulls, as well as to having a secret girlfriend. Once he is finished and given his penance, Rafa “feels lighter, grateful to be absolved of sin” (176).

Chapter 47 Summary

Julia also goes to confession, and confesses to the priest that she’s been hiding truths from her loved ones so she can protect them, including secrets about the war and certain actions by those in authority. The priest tells her that despite her feeling of isolation as a child of Republicans, “alone for years, frightened and hiding, punished for something we had no role in” she is, in fact, “safe in the arms of Vallecas” (176). Julia, like Rafa, is calmed by confession, which provides her with “peace and freedom to unburden all that troubles her” (177).

Chapter 48 Summary

Ana goes to confession. She wishes she could reveal her true feelings, but unlike her brother and sister, she does not unburden herself. She keeps her true feelings to herself.

Chapter 49 Summary

Puri goes to confession, though at a different church than her cousins. When she tells the priest her sins, he points out that she is listing the sins of others; confession is a place to seek absolution from one’s own sins. Despite Puri’s desire to be “a good Spaniard” and her love for the Catholic church, “Puri hates confession” (179).

Chapter 50 Summary

Daniel goes to confession before attending mass. He feels ambivalent about confession, preferring to share truths “with someone he feels close to” (179). He worries that what he is about to do will require absolution as well, and of all who enter the confessional, Daniels feels he may be the only one who truly needs to confess.

Chapter 51 Summary

The excerpt preceding this chapter comes from a British newspaper, The Telegraph, from a 2009 article. A man from Vallecas, where Ana and her family lives, describes the impoverished conditions.

The concierge tries to discourage Daniel from going to Ana’s neighborhood, telling him “that area is not for tourists” (181), but Daniel doesn’t listen and drives there. Daniel notices the stark difference between the wealth of Madrid and the poverty here. A crowd of hungry children and a group of men armed with clubs accost Daniel when he pulls over to check his direction. The men tell him to leave, but when he claims to be visiting Ana, they tell him to leave the car and escort him to Ana.

When he gets to Ana’s home—“a squat cement shack” whose “sole window is broken” with a roof “in such collapsing decay it is nothing but a strainer for rain” (186)—he realizes he should not have come, but it is too late: Ana has seen him. Daniel immediately recognizes the “mixture of shock and shame on her face” (186).

Chapter 52 Summary

Rafa is delighted to meet Daniel, considering it an opportunity to spread the word about his friend who will soon be a famous matador. Daniel tells them he wants to take photographs, and Rafa immediately thinks of how it might benefit Fuga.

Fuga, on the other hand, is much less happy and his “black eyes drill holes, issuing an unspoken warning” (186). Daniel offers to leave and gives them a few gifts he had brought, including cigarettes, wine, and beef jerky. Ana then introduces Daniel to her sister and Antonio; Daniel again tries to leave, giving Ana some candy. Julia insists he stay, however, and Daniel agrees to take pictures of Fuga.

Chapter 53 Summary

Rafa tells Daniel a little about Vallecas, explaining that in Vallecas they dislike outsiders, even though the Vallecas is an enclave of outsiders and a family all its own. Rafa tells Daniel about some famous matadors, but when Daniel asks about Rafa’s parents, Rafa says only that “[w]ar is a thief” (191). Daniel realizes that he has intruded on truths he wasn’t meant to know. He realizes he must “tread carefully” as there is a “thin line between helpful and humiliating” (192).

Chapter 54 Summary

Daniel takes more photographs, and explains that in Texas, Sunday is for visiting friends, prompting Antonio to respond that in Spain, people prefer to meet in cafés rather than at home. Despite their efforts, Daniel’s discussion with the family is very awkward. He seizes the opportunity to photograph Fuga as an “opportunity to expedite his exit” (194).

As he leaves, Antonio encourages Daniel to “explore the city center,” directing Daniel to take his “camera to the Inclusa or the hospitals in Madrid. People love photos of children but can’t afford them” (194). 

Chapter 55 Summary

Daniel takes pictures of Fuga and Ana before he is escorted back to his car. The change in Fuga impresses Daniel: Fuga, who previously “looked like a murderer” (195) now looks “like a matador” (196), thanks to the suit of lights and some attention from Julia and Ana.

Daniel apologizes to Ana, and she thanks him for protecting Nick. She tells him that she hopes he now understands her situation, how lucky she is to have her job, and that she will not jeopardize her situation to help him, even though she wants to.

Chapters 44-55 Analysis

Although Madrid annexed Vallecas in 1950, Vallecas nonetheless retained its leftist leanings and its working class pride. Well known for harboring those who continued to resist Franco after the war, Vallecas remains a place of support and compassion for those hurt by Franco, as noted in Father Fernández’s reference to Julia being “safe in the arms of Vallecas.”

In addition to losing her father to the Guardia Civil, Julia watched her mother be tortured and humiliated by Franco’s minions. This stark retribution, typical of fascist systems, was not only a punishment but also a warning. When Julia’s mother was finally arrested, “no one came to her aid. Neighbors hid behind their curtains, full of fear and panic. Those who shared her convictions did nothing to protect her. The price was too high” (170). And though she hates Franco and admires her parents, Julia has become the neighbor hiding behind curtains, with her rules for Ana and Rafa and her fear of being noticed.

Citizens under fascist rule quickly learn to keep things to themselves, both from fear of punishment and out of love for one another. The Torres Moreno siblings could comfort and console one another, but they’re unable to share their thoughts, memories, and fears. Ana doesn’t share with Julia so as not to increase Julia’s burden; Rafa and Julia hide the details of their parents’ murder from Ana and from each other, so as not to increase the other’s pain.

Each character’s experience of the Catholic rite of confession reveals their state of mind. The characters who suffered the most when Franco seized power seem to receive the most benefit from the ritual. Both Julia and Rafa feel at peace after their confessions. Rafa “loves confession,” but it seems as if he loves it because it almost gives him permission to sin and know that he will eventually be forgiven for this sin. Julia, on the other hand, receives genuine spiritual comfort, not just absolution for her sins.

Puri attends confession in a church in Madrid proper. Ironically, Puri seems to be the most religious, but she, like Ana, finds no comfort in confession. Although Puri longs to be a good Spaniard and a good Catholic, the priest criticizes her confession because she catalogs the misdeeds of others rather than tackling her own. And her own sins, or at least her complicity in a sinful practice, warrant some self-examination: Puri’s discovers that the Inclusa is charging adoption fees that are “astronomically high,” a fact out of character with its Catholic basis and an affront to a population that suffers enormous economic hardship.

Daniel also attends confession, but unlike Ana and her family, he seems neither unburdened nor frightened by his experience. He also notes that he is about to do something which may cause him to truly need absolution. He then goes to Vallecas and begins to understand what Miguel meant when he told Daniel that Spain was not his country.

The flash and glamour of the hotel and of Madrid proper contrast sharply with the poverty and degradation of Vallecas. The people of Vallecas do not want Daniel’s pity, however; they are both proud and fiercely independent. Fuga epitomizes this response. He deeply distrusts Daniel and refuses to be as polite as Julia and Antonio.

Fuga’s is the real face of Spain, not the false front displayed to tourists, and Daniel is smart enough not to resent Fuga’s feelings. He seems to understand how easily his actions could be misinterpreted, and tries to “tread carefully.” At the same time, Daniel’s insistence that the things he brought to Ana’s family were gifts—not meant be sold—indicates that Daniel still does not comprehend the situation fully. Candy is of little use to those who have no nutritious food; he has learned some things, but is still blinded by his privilege.

Indeed, Daniel still does not recognize that Ana does not have the same freedoms he does. When Ana walks away after telling him she cannot help him with his project, Daniel’s “thoughts call silently after her” wanting to tell her “if [she] desperately want[s] to, then please don’t walk away” (198). Despite all he has seen in Vallecas, Daniel still does not understand the restrictions under which Ana lives. Ana will sacrifice her own dreams for her family’s resilience and safety; Daniel, who is determined to defy his wealthy family, does not understand Ana’s choices.

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