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Kelly BarnhillA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Luna is the title character of The Girl Who Drank the Moon. In several languages, the word “luna” means moon, and throughout the book Luna has a special connection to the moon. Luna is an infant at the beginning of the novel. She has curly black hair, black eyes, and “luminous skin, like polished amber” (10). Like her mother, Luna has a crescent moon-shaped birthmark in the center of her forehead. Legend says that people with birthmarks like this are special. Luna has an exceptionally intense gaze, even as a baby. She receives magic from the moon when Xan feeds her moonlight instead of starlight, and as she grows, Luna pulls even more moonlight magic into herself. Xan and Glerk worry because “magical babies are dangerous babies” (38). Luna’s magic, in its signature colors of blue and silver, continues to build within her, finally emerging when she is five. As a mischievous, loving, curious, happy toddler, Luna doesn’t understand the effects of her magic. When Xan locks Luna’s magic away, Luna feels a nameless loss. For the next several years, she grows up thinking she is like the other children she meets in the Free Cities.
By the time she is 11, Luna realizes something is missing in her life. She feels increasingly frustrated with her lack of knowledge and impatient with her lack of memories. She feels something “inside her, pushing her, inch by inch toward…something” (319). Luna seeks to understand herself as best she can. She feels that memories are close around her, but she cannot “look them in the eye” (166). As she approaches puberty, Luna also struggles with conflicting emotions. She loves her family of Xan, Glerk, and Fyrian, but she’s quickly frustrated with them and the lies Xan tells her. Despite the passing of many years and great physical distance, Luna feels inexorably drawn to a mother she knows must exist.
Luna is independent and intelligent, and actively seeks answers to her many questions about her origin and the nature of magic. She is also is loving, loyal, and determined. Luna protects and defends Xan from Antain and worries over Xan’s health. Luna displays empathy and compassion when she frees the Sorrow Eater’s memories. As the novel progresses, Luna learns more about herself and leaves childhood behind. She accepts that she is a witch, and she feels adult emotions like worry and grief. Luna becomes almost a mother to Adara, trying to help heal her madness by restoring her name and drawing pictures together with her. Luna must cope with the loss of Xan and take on adult responsibility as the Protectorate’s new good Witch. Luna maturely comes to understand that love is not finite but boundless. As Glerk tells Fyrian, “As you know, Luna is a bit of a mystery. As was Xan, ever so long ago” (358).
Kind, gentle, elderly Xan is the good Witch in the woods. Xan has bright eyes and a big belly and “crinkly gray hair” (14) that has leaves and flowers growing out of it; “from certain angles, she looked a bit like a large, good-tempered toad” (15). As a young girl, Xan loses her family under mysterious circumstances and is taken to the castle of magicians by the Sorrow Eater. There, the magicians enmagic Xan, and the Sorrow Eater feeds off Xan’s grief. Xan tries never to think about her past or any other sorrowful memories. She learns at a young age that “sorrow is dangerous” (110), though she can’t remember why. Xan prefers to avoid conflict and unhappiness, focusing on the beauty in the world. She devotes herself to caring for others, traveling to the Free Cities and using her magic to help people. Even when she is ill and injured, she feels the need to comfort Antain. Nonjudgmental and loving, Xan “is very good at making people feel better, having had five hundred years of practice. Easing sorrow. Soothing pain. A listening ear” (301). She believes that she is rescuing and helping all the abandoned babies in the woods.
Xan strives to protect those she loves, even though this involves lying. Xan is also self-deceptive. She represses her memories and tries to convince herself that things she wants to be true, are true, like wishing Luna is just a normal girl and hoping that her magic may never appear. Because Xan loves Luna so deeply, she wishes to protect her from sorrow and never lose her. Xan willingly sacrifices her life and magic for Luna.
Glerk is “the Beast, the Bog, the Poem, the Poet, the world” (382)—which are really all the same. He is a large swamp monster with two sets of arms, seven fingers on each hand, a big squishy belly, and a long tail. Glerk has “conical ears” and “protruding eyeballs” (37), and is covered with warts and lumps. Despite his alarming appearance, Glerk is wise, caring, and big-hearted. He has lived with Xan and Fyrian for the last 500 years. Glerk loves language and shares his poems about spring and patience and love with his family. He educates Luna in language, which Glerk believes “en-nobles the rowdiest beast” (38). Glerk prefers using dialogue and reason to resolve conflicts.
Despite Glerk’s finesse with words and emotions, Luna describes him as “a swamp monster who was older than the world and who loved the world and loved the people in it but who didn’t always know the right things to say” (165). Ironically, Glerk declares that he has “excellent skills at explaining things” (238). Glerk calls himself a “maker,” and says his power is loving and creating. His spirit is “life-giving and life-sustaining” (357). Glerk is also sensitive; his sense of love for Luna and Xan is so powerful that he often feels like his heart is cracking or bursting or being squeezed. Glerk prefers truth to Xan’s well-meaning lies, though he goes along with her deceptions.
As the story progresses, Glerk realizes that he has been missing “The Bog. The world. All living things” (237). He sacrificed parts of himself to live with Xan and “can barely remember them” (237). Glerk is the Beast from the novel’s creation myth. He knows that he is “meant to be in the world” (357), and at the end of the story he returns to his beloved Bog.
Fyrian’s mother told him that he is, and will be, “a giant upon this fair earth” (35). So Fyrian, a joyful, loving, “tone-deaf” little dragon the size of a dove believes he is Simply Enormous. He thinks that Luna, Xan, and Glerk are giants, and that Fyrian must live with them to avoid causing panic among other tiny humans. Xan enables this delusion and makes Glerk go along with it. Fyrian has stayed the same size for 500 years. Glerk assumes that someday Fyrian will “grow as children do” (35). Fyrian’s mother entrusted him to Xan’s care just before she and Zosimos sacrificed their lives to seal the erupting volcano.
Fyrian has a happy, optimistic nature. He loves babies, hugs, games, everything, and has a remarkably forgiving nature. Fyrian loves his adopted family but has his own fears and hopes. He misses his mother terribly, and he “longs to see the world beyond here” (35), beyond Xan’s home. Glerk appreciates how earnest Fyrian is, though he observes Fyrian is “lacking in self-awareness” (321). Like Luna, Fyrian has been in a state of arrested development, unable to grow up. When he and Glerk travel to find Xan, Fyrian begins to change physically. He finally becomes Simply Enormous and immediately faces an adult decision—whether to kill the Sorrow Eater—and adult emotional pain, like the loss of his beloved Auntie Xan.
Antain is almost 13 at the start of the novel. He is smart, handy, and a hard worker, but his uncle, Grand Elder Gherland, dislikes Antain’s constant questions and big ideas. Antain is an Elder-in-Training, but he is not very successful. He doesn’t like the way the Elders treat the people of the Protectorate, and he prefers woodworking and carpentry to Elder tasks. Antain is kind toward people who are in a lower class than himself, like the gardeners and the kitchen staff. As a young man, Antain is shy around girls. He enjoys learning and studying. Before becoming an Elder-in-Training, Antain apprenticed with the Sisters of the Star and longed to access their library.
When he goes with the Elders to pick up Luna for the Day of Sacrifice, the experience makes him feel guilty and ashamed. As time goes on and Antain gets older, he cannot forget the image of the madwoman fighting for her child, and he cannot forgive himself for the part he played in taking the baby. He believes there must be a way for the Protectorate to defy the Witch and stop the sacrifices. The scars on his face both mark him and free him to become a successful woodworker, to marry Ethyne, and to have hope that the impossible is possible. He believes he can create change and save his child. His questions and thinking tag him as a rebel and a threat to Gherland and Sister Ignatia’s control of the Protectorate.
Antain is fiercely loving and protective of his family, much like Xan is with hers. A kind, gentle man, Antain is remorseful about hurting swallow-Xan’s wing but resolute about killing the Witch. He will do anything to protect his young family: “I am not a wicked man. I am a man who loves his family. And because I love them, I will kill the Witch…or die trying” (305).
The Head Sister of the Sisters of the Star, Sister Ignatia plays several roles over the centuries. She is the “woman with the voice like cut glass. And a heart like a tiger” (263) who brought young Xan to the castle long ago. She is the one who betrayed and abandoned the magicians, leaving them to die when the volcano erupted. She is the one who spread stories about the evil Witch in the woods. She and Gherland’s Council of Elders control the Protectorate. She is the “liar in the Tower” (250), the Sorrow Eater, and the true evil Witch.
Sister Ignatia is selfish, proud, and cruel. For most of the book, Sister Ignatia looks younger and healthier than other characters remember her, rosy-cheeked and unaging. She sadistically feeds on the sorrow of others to sate her hunger and fill an emotional void created when she hardened her heart and repressed her own sorrowful memories. She gloats about her skill and cleverness at creating the Protectorate: “An ever-filling goblet. All for her” (266-67). She lies to the people of the Protectorate and couldn’t care less about all the babies she believes are dead. She also lies to the Sisters in the Tower and even feeds off them; the Sisters eventually realize they only sleep peacefully in her absence. Sister Ignatia is frequently compared to a fierce tiger, and Luna senses that her magic is “sharp, and hard, and merciless. Like the curved edge of a blade” (355). Power and possession are everything to her. Even as she is dying, Sister Ignatia hates the joyful sounds of the Star Children reuniting with their birth families.
Luna’s mother does many things that are never done in the Protectorate, starting with breaking the rules and fighting to keep her baby. Like Luna, she is black-haired and has a birthmark shaped like a crescent moon on her forehead. Grief at losing her baby drives her mad, and for most of the novel she is called “the madwoman.” She knows that “there was a time…that she was smart. Capable. Kind. Loving and loved” (127), that she was a daughter, a “girl in love” (143), and an expectant mother. Sister Ignatia orders the other Sisters to further break the madwoman’s mind by telling her lies, telling her she never had a child, and saying she doesn’t exist (249). The madwoman loses her name, and most of her memories fly away, leaving her feeling like she lives “in a world of paper” (228). Yet the madwoman is convinced her child still lives and that she knows where. She draws maps repeatedly, but no one takes them seriously until Antain. Over the course of the book, the madwoman rejects sorrow and embraces hope, which strengthens her magical skills. She courageously follows Antain into the woods and does another impossible thing: She makes her paper birds carry her out of the Tower. Adara loves Luna unconditionally and hurries to protect her from Antain’s knife. Luna know that her mother is, “perhaps, not mad at all, but broken. And broken things can sometimes be mended” (370). Adara begins to heal under the care of Ethyne and Luna.
Ethyne is the girl Antain crushed on in school, the one he wished he had the nerve to talk to. Ethyne joins the Sisters novitiate at the age of 16 and is the only one to ever leave—another radical first in the Protectorate. Ethyne questions her mother’s stories about the Witch, and she believes that learning is important to combat lies and false narratives. She is kind and clever and has a healing touch with birds and animals. Ethyne’s love gives Antain hope that he can make a better life for their child. Ethyne is a strong, loving, protective mother and an impetus of change in the community. Her home, unlike others in the Protectorate, is filled with sunlight instead of clouds of sorrow. Ethyne’s refusal to be sorrowful about the upcoming sacrifice of her baby outrages Grand Elder Gherland. He also disapproves of her treating him as an equal. She leads the rebellion against the rule of the Council and opens the Tower and its expansive library to all.
By Kelly Barnhill