54 pages • 1 hour read
Kelly MustianA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
On August 29, 1923, it’s been five months since the fire that killed the Pattersons and four months since Matilda moved in with Ada. After the fire, only Gertie, Stella Mae, and Pastor Brown knew Matilda was alive. One night, shortly after the fire, she went back to the ashes of her old house and found Dalton’s ball-peen hammer. After that, she began exploring the woods and looking for Virgil Morgan’s house, and she dreamed of taking revenge on him. It was empty when she found it, and she saw Ada arrive. Matilda saw Virgil light the shed on fire and heard Ada scream. She killed him to save Ada, which makes her feel a sense of redemption and defeat. His death brings her no relief, and neither does naming Ada’s baby Annis.
That fall, Ada struggles with breastfeeding, but Matilda knows how to help her. Ada asks how Matilda knows so much, and Matilda explains that she learns things—like how to skin a rabbit—by doing them. No one taught her. Matilda makes a beautiful crib for Annis from some supplies she finds around the house. Ada feels like they are beginning to get closer, and she is relieved.
Matilda uses Virgil’s old shed, clearing it of his things. She’s tired of keeping others’ secrets, so she writes down what happened to Buddy Jones in the street, feeling cleansed by the process. She signs it “Mary Potts” and decides to send it to Rainy.
Matilda tells Ada that Ada must go to town for supplies and she must take Annis since she’s breastfeeding. Ada is nervous, but she has realized that Matilda is actually “hiding out” and not simply laying low after Virgil’s death. Matilda gives her a package for Rainy, her pages hidden inside with some peppermint candy. When Ada gets to town, she meets Flora Rankin, the owner of the dry goods store; Flora is very friendly and good with Annis, and she and Ada discuss Ada’s sewing skills. Flora gives Ada a bit of fabric and asks her to make a baby dress of it.
Ada gets to work on the baby dress, recalling how much happiness sewing brought her and Sylvie. They sewed while Virgil was away so he wouldn’t see how happy it made them. When he criticized Sylvie for teaching Ada, she claimed Ada could help her to make new shirts for him. He brought home an old sewing machine and some fabric. Sylvie had to repay his “sacrifice” with sex. One day, Virgil came home and found Sylvie and Ada having fun—no dinner prepared—and he destroyed the sewing machine. Two weeks later, Ada goes to town again and shows the dress to Flora. Flora is amazed by Ada’s skill, and she makes Ada a proposition.
Ada comes home with a big bag of fabric and an old sewing machine. Flora said she’d give Ada 50 cents for each item she makes. Ada also brought home two letters for Matilda. Rainy says she “shared” a piece of candy with her great-uncle, who “loved it” (271), and he wants more like it. Matilda feels like someone finally sees her.
Sewing makes Ada happy and gives her hope. Within the first week, she makes six dresses, a nightgown, and two bonnets. Gertie compliments her work, and Ada begins to think of her as a grandmother, while Matilda is like a sister. Ada wonders how she’d ever survive without Matilda. Next time Ada goes to town, Matilda reminds her to check the post office. Matilda claims to be writing to an old friend of Gertie’s, but Ada knows this is not the truth.
Ada returns with a rough-looking package addressed to Matilda and $4.50 in earnings for the items she made. Matilda feels a little resentful that Ada could earn so much money while she was sitting down. She is thrilled to learn that Rainy’s great-uncle loves “her work” and wants her to send him more stories like Buddy’s. Moreover, if Matilda ever goes to Cleveland, Henry Moser says he’ll hire her for his newspaper. She goes to dig up her buried notebook, feeling changed by this news, as though Moser has given her a new identity. That night, she writes the story of Buddy’s murder, repackaging the box Rainy sent her with the pages hidden inside.
Matilda begins milking a neighbor’s cow every morning in exchange for some milk for Ada; Gertie says Ada should be drinking it while breastfeeding. Ada feels new confidence due to her work, and she dreams of getting out of the swamp. Matilda also has a new sense of purpose, and things are easier between them. One day, the girls see a double rainbow, and Ada hopes it is a sign of their future. When she drives to town, carrying Matilda’s package, she opens it to find caramel patties and feels better that it’s nothing to threaten the life they are building.
That winter, Ada tries to get Matilda to open up, but Matilda refuses to share her past with Ada. Ada is uncertain of Matilda’s feelings and motives, which makes her desperate. Matilda grows more distant, and Ada’s worries increase. One day, Matilda makes pancakes for breakfast, Ada’s favorite. Ada gets dressed, uses the outhouse, and draws some water, but when she goes back inside, Annis is in her crib, and Matilda is gone.
Ada sits outside, noting the quiet in the starlings’ absence. They mysteriously disappeared a month ago. Matilda took her things, so Ada knows she’s not coming back. Matilda left the wagon and mule, the chickens, and most of their money. Ada feels as helpless as she was before Matilda’s appearance. On the fourth morning, she finds a jar of milk on the porch. Four days later, another jar appears. She spots Gertie and calls out, but Gertie won’t respond. Ada grieves for days but eventually goes in search of Gertie’s cabin. Gertie won’t tell her where Matilda is. She says that life isn’t the same for Ada and Matilda and that Ada doesn’t know what Matilda has been through.
In the hopes of finding a friend, Ada goes in search of Peggy, but she finds Frank at the house instead. He introduces himself and asks if she lives alone in the swamp. He boldly assesses her body before telling her Peggy went back to Baltimore. He says he kept some of Creedle’s business arrangements going after he died. Frank says he needs a housekeeper and that there’s a private room behind the kitchen where she and Annis could live. Ada declines his offer, hoping to keep sewing for Flora.
That night, a storm comes, settling over the swamp for days and creating darkness during the daytime. A cypress is struck by lightning and crashes to the ground. The next time she goes to Flora’s, she learns her friend had a stroke and is not expected to return. Her sister’s husband, who is not a nice man, now runs the shop. He offers to pay Ada only half what Flora did for this batch of items, so Ada only brings in a couple of pieces, determined to find buyers for the others herself. When she gets back home, she sees that one of the stilts under her house has broken, and the house has partially fallen into the mud. A neighbor tells her there’s no way to stop it from collapsing. With nowhere to go, she takes Frank’s job offer.
Matilda now lives with her friend Leeta in Jackson. She was there the day Ada came to Gertie’s, and she felt guilty, but when she felt herself growing fond of Ada and Annis, she knew she had to leave. Matilda has a job at the movie theater. One day, Leeta asks for her help, leading Matilda to the funeral parlor, where her boyfriend, Alvert, is dirty and delusional. Mr. Lewis, the undertaker, cares for him; Alvert is dehydrated from being hogtied and buried alive by a group of white men. Matilda writes down the entire story and sends it to Cleveland.
Mustian creates several symbols to highlight the girls’ feelings and circumstances and to foreshadow their futures. When Ada sees the double rainbow over the swamp, she interprets it as “a sign, if there ever was one. She counted her blessings” (284). However, she also mentions that it’s “raining while the sun shines […]. The devil’s beating his wife” (284). This is a common expression in the South, where the rain is said to be the tears the devil’s wife sheds as a result of being punished. It also contrasts starkly with the positive and hopeful connotation of the double rainbow, colorful and bright, and two in number—suggestive of a pair like Ada and Matilda. The contradictory connotations of the symbolic weather create a tension that is only clarified later when Matilda leaves. Almost as soon as she goes, a storm rolls in, “an evil counterpart to whatever good the double rainbow had once foretold” (304). A miraculous cypress tree is destroyed, shredded by lightning, and “daytime was as dark as dusk” (304). Symbolically, this storm suggests Ada’s feelings about her new reality, a life without her saving angel, Matilda, on whom she has come to count for everything from childcare to food preparation. The storm foreshadows additional trouble to come: Flora’s stroke and the dashing of Ada’s entrepreneurial hopes, the stilt breaking beneath the house so that it becomes unfit for habitation, and even how Ada will have to rely on Frank Bowers for her livelihood now that Matilda and Flora are gone from her life. The dramatic irony created by the readers’ knowledge of just how corrupt Frank is, which Ada only guesses at, produces further tension that foreshadows more potential misfortune. Finally, starlings are often symbolic of community and togetherness because of the unique murmuration in which they fly, and their disappearance a month before Matilda’s departure is another symbol that presages her flight from Virgil’s house.
In addition, writing and sewing become symbolic activities for Matilda and Ada, respectively. When Matilda writes down what happened to Buddy Jones in town, she realizes that “setting loose even this small part of [his story] freed something inside her, had cleansed her somehow, like the cupping of bad blood” (254). Some of the metaphorical poison of the injustices she witnesses is released when she writes it and when the wrong is acknowledged by someone else in the world. Later, Henry Moser calls her writing “remarkable” and “invite[s] her to consider sending [him] future pieces of that nature” (277) for publication in his newspaper. His commendation and appreciation of her writing “fill[s] her with purpose so righteous it felt like armor” (279) and makes her feel that she’s been given a new identity. The simile comparing her new righteous purpose to physical armor suggests the confidence and empowerment she now feels because of her writing. It gives her hope for her future, hope that the world can be a more just place because there are those who care about what happens to people like Buddy and Cassie Jones.
Sewing provides Ada with similar hope for her future by making her feel like an “artist,” a completely new identity that brings its own confidence. It is something that makes her feel happy, and it empowers her. “Sewing brought her the same joy she had seen on her mother’s face, but more than that, it gave her hope. It was a skill. A way […] out of the swamp someday” (273). Matilda has always experienced both sexual and racial oppression from society, while Ada has been abused by her father and experienced similar sexism, but both are deeply emboldened to learn that they have valuable skills that they can use to improve their situation, a testimony to The Resilience of Women. Even when Ada faces the setback of Flora’s illness, she has the confidence to decide that she will sell the pieces herself because she knows their value now, and as Matilda witnesses further injustice when Alvert is attacked, she no longer feels powerless; she can write his story and share it with thousands of people who care. Thus, writing and sewing become deeply symbolic for these young women.