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46 pages 1 hour read

Donna Tartt

The Goldfinch

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2013

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Symbols & Motifs

Colored Objects

Colored objects figure heavily in The Goldfinch. They act as objects of fate, pointing Theo toward the next step on his path. For example, when Theo and Audrey are walking into the Met, he remembers a “candy-striped umbrella” (18). It is as if this bright umbrella is a flare indicating significant action that will happen soon. When Welty tells Theo to go to Hobart and Blackwell, he instructs him to ring the green bell. Here, the green bell ushers Theo into his next stage of life with Hobie. The painting itself is a significant colored object that travels through the entire novel. Its golden hue gives Theo a sense of calm and purpose, always brightening whatever location he is in.

Colored objects also surround significant people. Tartt devotes many descriptions to Pippa’s hair. In fact, it one of the first things Theo notices about her in the museum. He describes it as being “brighter than everything else in the room” (380). She is glowing, attracting him. The redness of her hair correlates to the intensity of the love and obsession Theo holds for her. He continues to fixate on her hair in later years: “Like a stalker, I hoarded a snippet of autumn-leaf hair I’d retrieved from the trash after she’d trimmed her bangs in the bathroom” (463). Colored objects also surround Audrey. She has a pair of emerald-green earrings that Theo associates with her. At first, Xandra steals them, but Theo recovers them. He gives them to Kitsey in an attempt to create a connection between Audrey’s significance in his life and Kitsey’s. However, they earring do not suit Kitsey, implying that she is not a good match for Theo. Finally, when Theo is considering suicide, he has a memory of “[a] tangerine party dress of my mothers with shiny things on the skirt I always wanted to touch” (717). Here, his mother’s bright dress is a sharp reminder of her significance in his life.

Illegal Substances

Illegal substances are a prominent motif in The Goldfinch. They represent the ways in which the characters distance themselves from trauma and grief. Theo is introduced to substances fairly early in his life, and he gets drunk for the first time when Larry and Xandra take him out to dinner in New York after Audrey’s death. The champagne allows Theo to relax and numb the intensity of the loss he is feeling. Similarly, Larry gives Theo Vicodin on the plane, introducing him to the world of drugs as a teenager.

Moreover, illegal substances represent the side of chaos. Theo’s life in Las Vegas is full of chaos, especially through the lens of his relationships with Boris and Larry. Boris is a heavy drinker, and soon Theo begins drinking with him, frequently getting drunk and blacking out. Drugs and alcohol are a normal fixture of Theo’s teenage life, and he “attended parents-away parties of kids I barely knew, Xanax bars and Jägermeister shots, riding home on the hissing CAT bus at two a.m. so fucked up that I had to hold the seat in front of me to keep from falling out in the aisle” (299). These habits formed at an early stage continue into Theo’s adulthood, and he notes that “an every-other-day habit was still a habit” (471). Theo’s use of illegal substances allows him to keep his grief buried and also conceal his secrets from those who care about it. In this way, illegal substances keep Theo in a world of chaos and allow him a buffer between his conscious mind and his true feelings.   

Opulence

Many of Tartt’s descriptions center on opulence and luxury of objects and settings. In fact, the writing itself is quite lush, extravagant, and detailed. In this way, the opulence of the writing mirrors the opulence of the objects and situations described. For Theo, the world of opulence ties into the world of fine art. He is entranced by this world and wants to become a part of it. His first exposure to opulence is through his mother showing him fine art in museums. By stealing The Goldfinch, Theo is attempting to make this world of opulence and art his own.

The main settings of the novel also are filled with opulent descriptions. When Theo goes to live with the Barbours, he is thrust into this world full force. Their apartment building is “in one of the great old white-glove buildings on Park where the lobby was straight from a Dick Powell movie” (79). Their residence is larger than life, bordering on the fantasy world. Inside are “Chinese porcelain, lighted landscape paintings, silk-shaded lamps burning low” (442). Thus, Theo is now surrounded by this world and becomes accustomed to it. Similarly, there is opulence and art in Hobart and Blackwell. Tartt includes many descriptions of texture and fabrics, helping the reader feel what it is like to be surrounded by so much antique luxury. Theo sinks into these settings, just as we as readers are drawn in. By the time he is an adult, Theo has fully given himself over to this type of lifestyle, buying designer suits and expensive pieces. To show his affection for Pippa, he gives her a necklace that is “topaz, eighteenth century, a necklace for a fairy queen, girandole with diamond bow and huge, clear, honey-colored stones” (646). Theo tends to fetishize these objects and settings, and they gain power over him. By focusing on money and objects, Theo distances himself from his grief and his secrets.

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