56 pages • 1 hour read
Sharon CreechA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Naomi is an imaginative and anxious child who is approximately 12 years old when the story takes place. She often worries about the unexpected and fears being found responsible for any bad things that occur in her life or town. These qualities are revealed indirectly, especially through the anecdote regarding the magical donkey of Joe’s story, and directly when Naomi feels she is at fault for the teacher who quits after just three months and relates how common this fear is for her. Naomi also reveals, via direct characterization, that she “didn’t trust people or animals very easily” (103). This lack of trust leads to heightened anxieties, such as a fear that Nula and Joe might send her away, as Nula was sent away as a child. These worries dominate her thoughts until she begins to piece together the connections among the seemingly unrelated individuals in her life. Naomi is the protagonist and narrator, as well as a dynamic character, as she changes from one who can only anticipate unexpected, bad outcomes to one who understands that the unexpected can result in happy events as well as sad ones.
Naomi narrates the story after the events that comprise the plot have occurred, and this affects the text in many ways. First, she is the most emotionally available of the characters, helping the reader to understand why she acts as she does and how she perceives the world, regardless of what she says aloud. Chapter 22, entitled “I Don’t Care” (75), is a good example of this. Though Naomi tries to appear as though she does not care that Finn went to Lizzie’s house, she really does care, and learning her real feelings helps readers understand why she starts to doubt Lizzie and push her away. Next, Naomi’s narration of the text means that, though the pace and excitement may be less than if she narrated it while it happened, her reliability as a narrator increases because she has had time to reflect on her experiences—perhaps even as an adult herself—instead of describing them hastily or incompletely, as a child might be more apt to do. Naomi’s function as a narrator helps to establish her as a round, complex character despite her young age while the events are taking place.
Nula is Naomi’s guardian, though Naomi never shares Nula’s last name, perhaps because it would draw attention to the fact that they are not related. This fact becomes less and less important as the text’s events unfold. Though Nula and Joe raise Naomi, Naomi is much closer to Nula and spends more time with her since Joe is not at home during most of the day. Nula, thus, appears much more frequently in the text. She has a very particular sense of humor, which Naomi understands; when Nula puts on a “mean voice” and jokes with Naomi about cleaning every inch of the house before she’s allowed to leave it, Naomi explains that Nula “wasn’t mad. This was the way Nula talked” (22). Nula and Naomi have a fairly open and trusting relationship. For example, Naomi tells Nula about her confusion regarding Finn and Lizzie, even when Naomi is glad that no one else knows how she feels about Finn. Naomi also takes Nula’s advice on how to deal with her heartsickness. The only thing Naomi keeps from Nula is her fear that Nula and Joe could send her away or give her up to some long-lost blood relative who might come to claim her.
Once they reach Ireland, where Nula is from, Nula reveals how grateful she and Joe were when Naomi came into their lives, a revelation that is instrumental to Naomi’s growth. Nula feels somewhat sad that they might have “kept a little too much distance [from Naomi] sometimes” (182) because they feared that someone would come and take Naomi away. Nula, however, is quite loving, assuring Naomi that, though they are not blood relatives, they are a good pair. Learning how glad Nula and Joe felt when Naomi “dropped into [their] lives” (182) helps Naomi to reach the understanding she needs—that unexpected events can be wonderful or sad, and anything in between—to find peace and accept her Unexpected Good Fortune. Thus, Nula serves as Naomi’s guardian and guide.
Lizzie is Naomi’s best friend and foil, illuminating Naomi’s qualities more fully through contrast. Both girls are orphans, but Lizzie has no internalized guilt that makes her anxious or fearful, as Naomi does. While Lizzie dreams of being adopted by the Cupwrights, despite how strict they are, Naomi fears being removed from Nula and Joe’s care. While Naomi can be withholding, keeping secrets, and hiding her real feelings, Lizzie does “not seem to know how to lie” (89). When Lizzie feels overwhelmed by life, she goes to the moon in her imagination, something that relaxes her and helps her to keep her problems in perspective. This same practice only gives Naomi more anxiety, exacerbating her overwhelm.
Lizzie’s whimsical and optimistic view of the unexpected contrasts and highlights Naomi’s pessimism. For example, when the girls contemplate the sudden appearance of two strangers in town, Lizzie says, “Maybe next we will get a kangaroo hopping down the road” (45), and compares their experiences to a book called The Great Unexpected. Naomi, on the other hand, considers this same situation and declares that the book sounds like her own life, except for the word “great.” Lizzie’s apparent flakiness also draws attention to how much Naomi seems to overthink, another factor that promotes her anxiety and dread. Lizzie is, ultimately, a static character who serves as a foil for Naomi, underscoring Naomi’s fretfulness and the significant role it plays in her daily life and choices.
Sybil is Nula’s sister, and, thus, also grew up poor. She originally came to Rooks Orchard as a servant, and she was betrayed by Paddy McCoul when he stole her wages. However, she soon fell in love with Albert Kavanagh, the gentle son of Sybil’s cruel Master and Mistress, and they eloped without his parents’ permission. Sybil inherited the Kavanagh estate upon Albert’s death, and she seems to have transitioned from servant class to upper class without much trouble. She employs a companion, Miss Pilpenny, and a cook and gardener, as well as a solicitor, Mr. Dingle. Despite her humble origins, Sybil is commanding and authoritative but without arrogance. Her “revenge” on Paddy McCoul and her father-in-law is extremely important to her, especially as she grows sicker, though her revenge is generous rather than malicious, ironically kind to others instead of intending to do others harm. She also loves mystery, frequently enjoying murder mysteries with Miss Pilpenny and sending anonymous rooks to her sister in America.
Hers is rather like a Cinderella story, going from rags to riches: first, whipped by the Master and then loved by his son, her prince. She was a servant and became the mistress of the estate, free to dispose of it as she likes, and she chooses to bestow it on “two young women who might most benefit” because she has “developed special sympathies for young girls like [she and Nula] were: so full of promise but with so few opportunities” (205). In her will, she provides for her cook and gardener, her companion and solicitor, as well as the sister from whom she was estranged for so long, not to mention Lizzie and Naomi, whom she’s never even met. In this way, then, she goes from a Cinderella to a fairy godmother who bestows Unexpected Good Fortune on the deserving, appropriate given the Compatibility of Fantasy and Reality in the novel.
Finnbarr McCoul is the son of Paddy McCoul, the man who charmed both Nula and Sybil, driving a wedge between them in their youth. During his lifetime, Finn was adored by everyone who knew him, and Miss Pilpenny says that they “thought he had dropped down from heaven for us to adore and—later-quarrel over” (212). Finn died long before the beginning of the story, having fallen from a tree in Rooks Orchard the day after he dug gold from the fairy ring. At the start of the novel, he falls from a tree in Blackbird Tree, and this is how he meets Naomi. Naomi quickly develops feelings for him, and neither Naomi nor Lizzie realizes that he is a spirit only, though there are many clues.
Finn helps to provide another link between America and Ireland. Naomi grows heartsick over him, which threatens to damage her relationship with Lizzie, just as Nula and Sybil were both heartsick for Finn’s father, Paddy (who called himself Finn), which is what damaged their relationship with one another. It seems that even Miss Pilpenny and her sister, Lizzie’s mother, Margaret, argued over Finn. Realizing that Finn talks like Nula and his revelation that he comes from the same town as Nula helps Naomi begin to find the hidden threads connecting the people of Ravenswood, Blackbird Tree, and Rooks Orchard. When Naomi sees the sign for Rooks Orchard upon her arrival in Ireland, she realizes that this is the place Finn spoke of when he fell into Blackbird Tree. His character is static and unchanging, though the truth of his spirit’s existence illuminates the Compatibility of Fantasy and Reality.
Miss Pilpenny is Sybil’s companion, a woman Sybil employs to bring her sherry and read to her and to keep her comfortable and entertained in her old age and relative solitude. It is clear, however, that their affection for one another extends beyond their roles as employer and employee or mistress and servant. Miss Pilpenny, for example, pushes Sybil’s wheelchair at a run across the Crooked Bridge whenever they come to it because Sybil enjoys it so much. Miss Pilpenny clearly loved and missed her sister, Lizzie’s mother, when Margaret moved to America, given the way she talks about her. Due to her admission that she and Margaret quarreled over Finn when they were young, it seems possible that they parted ways for the same reason Sybil and Nula did, having had a falling out over a boy. Just as Nula survives Sybil, Miss Pilpenny survives Margaret, and both Sybil and Miss Pilpenny seem to have forgiven their sisters long ago. Miss Pilpenny takes in and cares for Lizzie, her sister’s daughter, just as Sybil’s final act is to provide and care for her sister, Nula, and Nula’s ward, Naomi. These relationships certainly help to emphasize The Interconnectedness of Lives, just as the sisters’ ability to forgive leads to Unexpected Good Fortune for both Miss Pilpenny and Nula, not to mention Lizzie and Naomi. Even the apparent coincidence that Sybil and Miss Pilpenny found each other in Ireland, just as Naomi and Lizzie (and Mary and Margaret) found each other in America, hints at the Compatibility of Fantasy and Reality.
By Sharon Creech