42 pages • 1 hour read
Raymond ChandlerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The next day, Marlowe speaks to Endicott on the telephone. The lawyer repeats his offer to help, but Marlowe declines again, so Endicott warns Marlowe not to investigate the matter further. After the call, a gangster named Mendy Menendez visits Marlowe’s office. He mocks Marlowe’s business and status, calling the detective “very small time” (44). Menendez explains that he, Lennox, and Randy Starr all served in the same unit during World War II. Lennox saved Menendez and Starr from an artillery shell, injuring his face in the process. He was captured and tortured by the German army. They “hurt him too much” (45), leaving him psychological damaged and in need of cosmetic surgery. Menendez and Starr made a fortune from black market operations during and after the war. They paid a large amount to find and save Lennox to thank him for saving their lives. After the war, Lennox sunk into a cycle of alcoholic self-destruction, and Menendez rues the fact that he could not help his friend. He tells Marlowe to lay off the Lennox case as “the guy suffered too much” (46). Marlowe dismisses Menendez’s thinly veiled threats, punching the gangster in the stomach in the process. Menendez is impressed by Marlowe’s gumption and leaves with his bodyguard.
Marlowe tries to contact Randy Starr but fails. He spends three dull days wondering why so many different people are warning him to back off a case that is proceeding rapidly and quietly through the courts. His rumination is interrupted by a publisher from New York named Howard Spencer, who heard about Marlowe’s “recent brush with the law” (48) and wants to hire him. Marlowe agrees to meet Spencer.
Marlowe returns home and finds a letter from Lennox. The letter was mailed from Mexico before Lennox’s apparent suicide. Also in the envelope is $5,000. In the letter, Lennox apologizes for causing strife in Marlowe’s life. He claims that he did not brutally murder his wife, but he is planning to kill himself, so he will confess to the crime to “save an unnecessary and useless scandal” (49). That night, Marlowe struggles to sleep.
Marlowe sits in a bar and watches the customers while he waits to meet Howard Spencer. An attractive woman enters the bar and arrests Marlowe’s attention. Her hair is “the pale gold of a fairy princess” (52). Just as she notices Marlowe staring at her, Spencer arrives. He wants Marlowe to find one of his authors named Roger Wade, an alcoholic and “automatic best seller” (53) who has gone missing before submitting his latest book. Spencer believes that something from Wade’s past may be causing his “wild fits of drinking and temper” (54). Marlowe is reluctant to accept the job until the attractive woman in the bar introduces herself as Eileen Wade, Roger’s wife. Despite her pleas, Marlowe refuses to accept the job and returns home. The next day, Spencer tries to hire him again but Marlowe declines. That evening, Detective-Sergeant Green calls Marlowe to tell him that Lennox was buried in Mexico. He warns Marlowe not to pursue the issue.
The next morning, Eileen visits Marlowe. She asks him again to find her husband, and eventually Marlowe accepts. He tells her that he will begin his search by finding the disreputable doctor and facility where her alcoholic husband may be seeking rehabilitation help.
A friend at a private detective agency gives Marlowe the names of several disreputable doctors who run unlicensed rehabilitation facilities, including a doctor named Verringer who owns a ranch in Sepulveda Canyon. The friend also tells Marlowe that he heard a rumor several years ago about a man who closely resembled Lennox’s description but who called himself Marston. Marlowe doubts that this is the same man.
Marlowe visits Verringer’s ranch, which now seems abandoned and dilapidated. After a brief scuffle with a strangely dressed man named Earl, Marlowe meets Verringer. The facility, which is about to be repossessed by a bank, was once an artists’ colony. A suicide at the facility caused the business to fail, and Verringer gave up his business out of loyalty to Earl, the child of his close friends whom he promised to help.
Marlowe eats lunch and thinks about his approach to locating Wade. Working his way through a list of doctors, he visits Dr. Vukanich. However, Vukanich insists that he has nothing to do with men like Wade.
Next, Marlowe visits Dr. Varley. Again, the doctor denies that he has anything to do with treating alcoholics.
Marlowe suspects Verringer may know more information and believes that Eileen may once have met Earl. That evening, Marlowe drives back to the ranch. He sneaks up to the ranch in the dark and, as Earl prowls the yard, he sees Verringer talking to a man in a bed. The man is Wade. Verringer presses him for money and claims that Wade has “betrayed [his] confidence” (80). Wade begged Verringer to save him from his alcoholism, the doctor explains, but now people like Marlowe are asking difficult questions. Wade dismisses Verringer’s demands but fears Earl. Overhearing the men talk, Earl enters the room. He hits Verringer while trying to attack Wade; Marlowe rushes into the room, brandishing his gun. Marlowe brings calm to the room, and Wade prepares to leave.
As Marlowe prepares to drive away with Wade, Verringer again asks Wade for money. Wade promises to “think about it” (83), and he leaves the ranch with Marlowe. As they drive, Wade complains about Verringer and “that psycho” (83) Earl. He cannot understand why Verringer has seemingly sacrificed everything for Earl. Wade wants to talk about the Lennox case, but Marlowe does not want to talk. Marlowe refuses an invitation of a drink in Wade’s house, but as he is about to drive away, Marlowe sees Eileen and stops his car. They discuss Sylvia Lennox, and Marlowe kisses Eileen. She tells him that he “shouldn’t have done that” (85) and rejects his accusation that she manipulated the case to make Marlowe emotionally involved. Marlowe leaves.
When Lennox writes to Marlowe, he includes a special $5,000 note. The banknote fascinates Marlowe, and despite his relatively meager financial means, he never spends the money. To him, the banknote represents the mystery of Lennox’s apparent suicide, and his uneasiness toward spending the money is an extension of his suspicious attitude toward the authorities’ version of events. Marlowe clings to the note throughout the novel, just as he clings to the memory of Lennox. He examines the banknote carefully for meaning: The denomination is rare enough that such notes arouse curiosity, meaning that Lennox deliberately wanted to attract Marlowe’s attention to its uniqueness. The choice of this particular banknote compels Marlowe to search for a hidden meaning, showing that his brain will not allow him to accept a mere gift. Everything must be filled with meaning and hiding secret agendas. Marlowe’s cynicism, loyalty, and desire to know the truth are all revealed in his reaction to the $5,000 note.
The appearance of Earl and Verringer in the novel is brief but meaningful. Verringer, like Marlowe, is a loyal man. He sacrifices his ranch so that he can stay with Earl. As the son of his dear friends, Earl means a great deal to Verringer, who knows that Earl will not be able to function in society without him. As such, Verringer illustrates the moral complexity of The Long Goodbye. He essentially kidnaps Wade and holds him for ransom, asking him for money so that he can continue to look after Earl. Verringer extorts money from an alcoholic abuser so that he can care for someone. He does the wrong thing for the right reason. Verringer’s is not a crime of self-interest. He is being altruistic and trying to extract money from someone who lacks any such altruism or good intentions. Verringer’s predicament prompts the reader to reflect on morality and ask whether crimes such as Verringer’s can or should be justified.
In a similar fashion, the novel hints at a potential romance between Marlowe and Eileen. At the beginning of the novel, Eileen is portrayed as the beautiful but tragic wife of an abusive husband. Marlowe wants to rescue her at first but then decides that he should not become involved. He kisses her once, but that is the extent of their romantic interaction. To Marlowe, Eileen’s tragic past overtakes her physical beauty as her dominant quality. She becomes just like every other rich person he meets, in that their wealth and beauty hide an unresolved trauma. Like Lennox, Sylvia, and her husband, Eileen is a complicated knot of interlocking tragedies, and her beauty is the veil drawn across the trauma. The more Marlowe understands about her and her world, the less he wants to involve himself in her life—and the more he feels a duty to help her.
By Raymond Chandler