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Elena FerranteA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
After Giovanni leaves, Leda is nervous and studies compulsively until she falls asleep. The next day Leda again plans to return the doll, but first, she strolls through a fair in town. While there, she gets a phone call from Nina. The woman tells her she knows Leda saw her in the forest with Gino and asks to speak with her.
Nina meets Leda with Elena in front of an antique booth. She tells the older woman that Elena is still consumed by the loss of her doll. The little girl believes the toy is pregnant and worries that Nani hasn’t taken her medicine. Nina’s large sun hat keeps blowing off, so Leda buys her a hatpin from the booth and fixes it in place for her. Nina then turns the conversation to Gino, saying she knows Leda saw them kissing. She tells Leda that she is happy with her child and husband. Nina admires Leda and doesn’t want her to “think badly” of her. Leda insists that she doesn’t, and Nina asks Leda why she left her daughters and then returned. Leda responds carefully, trying to find words that will help the younger woman. She tells Nina she lost herself in motherhood. However, she returned because none of her other accomplishments measured up to her daughters; she came back “resigned” to devoting her life to them. She claims she left and returned out of “love of [her]self,” not her daughters.
Nina asks if the “turmoil” of motherhood goes away, but Leda refuses to respond in the affirmative. Instead, she tells Nina, “Today you can live perfectly well even if it doesn’t pass” (119). Nina seems to want to ask more questions, but Rosaria and Nina’s husband, Tonino, interrupt their conversation.
Nina is alarmed to see Tonino, who wasn’t supposed to arrive until the next day. She tells Leda she will call her, then leaves with her husband and sister-in-law. Leda watches her go, feeling the closeness they just shared evaporating. Back in her apartment, she is determined to remove the “baby” that Elena put in the doll’s stomach. She lets the dirty seawater trickle out of the toy’s mouth, thinking about her own pregnancies. With Bianca, Leda had enjoyed being pregnant. She felt “the most intense pleasure of [her] life” when she held her daughter for the first time (123), and she was “proud” of the accomplishment.
With Marta, however, Leda was always sick. The baby “attacked [her] body” and ruined the memory of her first pregnancy’s joy. The doll vomiting dirty water reminds Leda of herself when she was pregnant with Marta. She rinses the doll with clean water, and then, using tweezers, she pulls a worm out of its mouth.
The next few days pass in a haze of heat and sunshine. Leda doesn’t speak with Nina again, but she continues to watch her. She also notices Gino watching Nina, looking on resentfully as she spends the weekend with her husband.
One night, Leda goes to see a movie, but the show is interrupted by a group of rowdy young men from the Neapolitan family who mock Leda when she threatens to call the police. The next day, she is uncomfortable seeing the boys on the beach and leaves earlier than usual to return to her apartment. That night in the town square, there is music and dancing. Leda dances with Giovanni until the Neapolitans arrive, then he hurries off to greet them. Nina and Tonino begin to dance. Gino appears and dances with Leda, trying and failing to catch Nina’s eye.
When Leda is ready to leave, Gino walks her home and asks for a favor. He and Nina want to use Leda’s apartment to meet in secret. Flustered, Leda tells him she wants to speak to Nina about the matter.
That night, Leda cannot sleep, wondering what she should do about Nina and Gino. She thinks about her daughters. When they were teenagers, they often asked her to leave the apartment so they could be alone with their boyfriends, and Leda always assented, reasoning that they were better off at home than elsewhere. She thinks that Nina admires and respects her, so giving or denying the keys will push Nina in one direction or another. However, she worries that Nina doesn’t have the same support system she did and that Tonino might become violent. Finally, Leda concludes that she is playing the role Brenda played for her in Nina’s life, offering her an opportunity to “take responsibility for [her] life” (136).
The next day, Nina calls to tell Leda she will come for the keys. Leda spends the day reading and working on her terrace, wondering if Nina will follow her plan. She arrives that evening, looking upset, and Leda asks if she is sure she wants to pursue an affair with Gino. Nina insists she is, saying she “can’t take it anymore” (138), and Leda agrees to give her the keys. She also tells Nina she wants to give her something else and goes to retrieve the doll. Nina is “stupefied” when she sees Nani. Leda has no justification for taking the doll; she only tells Nina she is an “unnatural mother.” Furious, Nina begins insulting Leda in dialect, then she takes the hatpin Leda bought her and stabs her in the side before running out.
Leda doesn’t feel badly hurt as she begins packing her things. Her phone rings, and she is overjoyed to see her daughters calling. Both her children are on the phone, asking her why she hasn’t called them. Leda responds, “I’m dead, but I’m fine” (140).
There is much symbolic meaning in Leda’s final scene with Nani that connects to the theme of Motherhood and the Complexity of Female Identity. The doll vomiting sludge into the sink reminds Leda of her second pregnancy, in which Marta “attacked [her] body” (123). She describes the experience as particularly painful because it contrasted sharply with her first pregnancy, in which she felt “attractive, elegant, active, and happy” (122). Her second baby, however, destroyed the memory of her happy first pregnancy. Right after her first baby’s birth, Leda was forced to give up on the fantasy of motherhood. She had believed that she could be different from the other, unhappy women in her family, yet she found herself following in their footsteps almost immediately as her babies “treacherously” took “all [her] energy, all [her] strength, all [her] capacity for imagination” (123).
Extracting the worm from Nani’s belly could represent a number of different things. On the one hand, Leda is symbolically purging herself of her unhappy experiences with motherhood. By removing the worm, Leda could be giving herself a safe outlet to express the unspeakable wish that she hadn’t had her daughters. On the other hand, removing the worm, Nani’s “baby,” could break the cycle of obligatory motherhood for little Elena. Although she is only two years old, the child already imagines her doll as a mother before anything else. It’s possible that Leda wants the girl to have different opportunities than she and Nina were given.
Chapter 21 offers the clearest insight into Leda’s explanation of why she left her daughters and who she believes she is as a mother. She tells Nina that she left and returned out of selfishness, not love. Leda believes she is fundamentally selfish because society doesn’t allow women with children to be anything other than mothers; any deviation from absolute devotion to one’s children cannot be anything other than selfishness. Taking the doll is a senseless act that is purely self-serving, and Leda doesn’t understand why she does it, making Elena and her whole family suffer. Perhaps she is trying to make herself fit the selfish identity that has been attributed to her.
Yet the novel problematizes this idea that some mothers are unnatural and selfish, whereas others are natural and selfless. Nina, who at first glance seems to belong to the latter category of perfect mothers, reveals herself to be deeply unhappy, struggling, and dreaming of a way out. It is suggested that she “plays [the] role of beautiful young mother” because it is expected of her by society and by her family (22). Indeed, maternal ambivalence is so taboo to her that she can’t find the words for it when she speaks to Nina. Nina’s experience thus challenges the romanticized narrative of the natural mother, suggesting that a society with such a narrow view of motherhood is to blame for this false dichotomy of good and bad, selfish and unselfish.
In any case, intentionally taking the doll and causing harm to Elena and her family allows Leda to confront her perceived failings as a mother. In the final line, in which she claims she is “dead, but […] fine” (140), Leda both confirms and accepts her failings as a mother.
By Elena Ferrante