72 pages • 2 hours read
Charles DickensA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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At his countinghouse, Quilp’s wife brings him a strange letter left by an anonymous boy. The letter turns out to be from Sally, detailing her flight from London and urging Quilp to run too, now that the truth is out.
Quilp chases his wife away, losing sight of her in the fog. He shuts and latches the main gate behind him just as someone begins to knock violently. Thinking it is his wife trying to get back inside, Quilp ignores the knocks and tries to return to the countinghouse. The fog, however, is too thick, and he cannot find the way. The knocking continues, and Quilp, disoriented, turns the wrong way and falls into the Thames River. The current is too fast for him to fight, pushing him below the surface again and again. Each time he comes up, he hears the knocking and recognizes the voices calling for him, but the locked gate prevents them from either arresting or saving him because. When a ship overruns him, Quilp cannot make it back up to the surface and he drowns.
Kit receives word of his pardon, and Mr. Garland takes him home. Barbara and her mother wait there with the single gentleman, Abel, and Mrs. Garland. Kit’s mother comes in, and they all toast to Kit’s freedom. Kit steps out to visit the Garlands’ horse, which missed him dearly. Barbara enters the stables, intending to feed the horse since she was the only one it trusted while Kit was gone. She and Kit exchange meaningful looks, and they finally kiss—twice. When they return to the party, Mr. Garland pulls Kit aside with news of Nell’s whereabouts. It turns out the bachelor is Garland’s brother, and he mentioned in one of his letters that there was an old man and a young girl new to the village. They resolve to leave immediately in the morning.
While they wait for their carriage to arrive, Kit and Barbara spend some time alone. She is sad that he is running off to Nell so soon after they realized their feelings for one another. Kit explains his relationship to Nell: He loves her because he was her servant and her family friend, and he wants to bring her home because he still feels he has a duty to her, especially since she always saw the best in him.
Their party travels all day through very poor weather. The single gentleman confides his story to Mr. Garland—he is the estranged brother of Nell’s grandfather. In their youth, they had a falling-out over a woman. The elder brother (Nell’s grandfather) married her, but she died, and he had to raise their daughter, Nell’s mother, alone. When she married and had two children, her husband’s misuse of their money pushed the family into extreme poverty. After her husband died, Nell’s mother passed away a few weeks later, leaving Fred (aged 10) and Nell (still an infant) in the grandfather’s care. It was at this time the grandfather started trading in antiques. Fred turned out to be like his father, while Nell was like her mother, and their grandfather was afraid the same misfortunes would plague them. Once the single gentleman learned what happened to them, he set off in search of them immediately, hoping to reunite their family.
Although Quilp’s death was not actually a suicide, his own choices produced the situation leading up to his death. He chased his wife into the fog to abuse her once again, and had he not been so determined to avoid capture, the unlocked gate would have allowed his pursuers onto the wharf. Being locked out, they could not arrest him, but they also could not save him. Quilp’s death is arguably brutal, and it seems fitting that the novel’s cruelest character met with the cruelest fate.
The revelation of the single gentleman’s true identity adds a compelling layer to the novel’s take on one’s duty to family. Growing up, he and the grandfather always fought, and their fight over their shared love interest was their worst disagreement of all. The gentleman left so that the grandfather could be happy—he sacrificed spending his youth with his brother so that his brother could start a life unencumbered by sibling rivalry. However, as soon as he heard that things had fallen apart, the gentleman immediately set out to find his brother and make things right.
It becomes clear in these chapters that the single gentleman, Nell’s grandfather’s brother, was the unnamed elderly narrator in the opening chapters. Ironically, the grandfather’s determination to not repeat the mistakes of the past led his family right back into those same misfortunes. He revealed to his brother that it was Fred’s own profligate spending that pulled their family back into poverty, and that he feared deeply for Nell’s future. These two men grew into adulthood with severe abandonment issues and anxiety about leaving a meaningful family legacy, which cloud their judgment to the point where they cannot see how their decisions are harming their loved ones.
By Charles Dickens