logo

56 pages 1 hour read

Rick Riordan

The Son of Neptune

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2011

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Themes

Guilt as Potential Motivation

Hazel begins the novel filled with a heavy sense of guilt. She feels guilty for being alive, being at Camp Jupiter, and being on a quest to save Thanatos. Some of her guilt is relieved when she finally confesses to Percy and Frank the truth about her background. Even with her confession, her guilt is still driven by the fact that she helped Gaea raise Alcyoneus in the summer of 1941. While Hazel did rebury Alcyoneus when she finally understood that Gaea was possessing her mother, she still feels a great deal of shame for what she did. Her shame is so deep that she fights for her mother’s right to a sense of peace in the Underworld, instead of the punishment she was to receive in the afterlife for assisting Gaea. As a compromise and to sate her own guilt, Hazel secures herself and her mother a place in the Fields of Asphodel. They are sentenced to an eternity of wandering alone, even though Hazel’s own fate was to go to Elysium, a paradise for demigods. Even when her friends compliment Hazel on her bravery for standing up to Gaea alone, she does not fully release her guilt until she is finally able to kill Alcyoneus once and for all.

Percy also struggles with guilt. He has been missing from his home, his family, and his friends for eight months. Percy worries about how his absence has affected his mother and his friends. Percy has always worried that his actions as a demigod will adversely impact his mother, but he feels a great deal of guilt for putting her through the reality of his disappearance. Although most of what has happened is outside of his control, he feels guilty because he is a caring son who does not like the idea of hurting others. His guilt demonstrates how he cares about how his actions impact others.

Guilt is reframed in the narrative when people from Percy’s past encounter him before his memory returns. Reyna declares Percy guilty of destroying the island where she and her sister lived before she came to Camp Jupiter. While Percy doesn’t remember hurting Reyna, he accepts her accusation, even though he has no memory of the destruction. Hylla also openly accuses Percy of this same action despite his memory loss, and he accepts her recriminations. Percy takes on this guilt because he has no reason to believe he isn’t guilty of what they accuse him of, especially if it was to release prisoners who were held on the island.

The guilt the characters contend with serves as a motivation for their moral compasses. Hazel’s guilt is the largest motivator for her actions on the quest, as she aims to right her wrongs from her past. Percy’s guilt concerning his family and friends forces him to move toward a resolution by taking on a quest to have his past returned to him. The guilt Percy encounters from his past actions serves as a gut check for himself, and a reminder of his—and by extension Hazel’s and Frank’s—true characters. Though destruction was caused on Reyna’s home island, Percy’s motivations were pure, to free prisoners who were held on the island. Similarly, Hazel, Frank, and Percy cause much destruction in the Amazon building and Alaska with the pure motivations to prevent Gaea’s destruction of the world.

Accepting Family Legacy

Accepting one’s family legacy becomes a theme for the characters as they encounter their own obstacles through the course of the narrative. This acceptance is core to how the world of demigods operates. For example, Camp Jupiter is a safe place for children of the gods to live and train as warriors. It is also a safe place to live for those who are legacies of the legion. The camp is exclusive for those with ancient family ties, illustrating the importance of one’s family legacy. Those living in New Rome and members of the Twelfth Legion can trace their family history back to Roman gods, both major and minor. Their families have done great things that can be called heroic. As the three demigods journey on their quest to free Thanatos, the role of accepting family legacies becomes key to resolving both their inner conflict as well as the conflict around them.

Frank, Hazel, and Percy’s family legacies directly influence their roles within Camp Jupiter. Frank feels out of place in the camp, as he does not know his father’s identity and is only aware of a great-grandfather’s role in the camp’s destruction in 1901. Frank’s shame of his family’s legacy affects his self-confidence and the relationships he has with the other campers as they write him off as insignificant. Hazel knows her family’s legacy and is riddled with guilt, shame, and anger because of it. Her father’s role in her life has been infrequent at best, and though Pluto attempted to prevent her mother’s continued relationship with Gaea, he was ultimately powerless to prevent Hazel’s and her mother’s death. Even though she’s aware of her godly parent’s identity, Hazel is outcast because of her father’s role of god of the Underworld. In addition, Percy is aware of his father’s identity, but Neptune is not a god favored by the Romans, so he too is seen as a foreboding presence and social pariah. He has accepted his legacy the most out of the three, but has lost a significant portion of his memory, leaving him as lost as his counterparts as he tries to regain his sense of self.

As the novel progresses, Frank meets his father, Mars, and learns more about his family’s ancient lineage and gifts rooted in Greek, Roman, and Chinese myths. This knowledge allows him to see himself in a new light and gives him the self-confidence he needs to battle cyclopes, giants, and gryphons. Hazel accepts her mother’s actions and her family’s legacy in helping Gaea and redeems herself by defeating Alcyoneus. She is given the relief she needs and is even given another chance at life as her father removes her name from Thanatos’s reaping list. Percy regains his memory, and with it, his sense of self tied to his family’s legacy. He knew who his father was, that he could manipulate water, and that he could speak with horses, but did not remember the finer details as to why those things mattered. In remembering his past, Percy reaccepts his family legacy, including his brother Tyson, and his role as Poseidon’s son.

It is only when the three demigods can accept their family legacies that they can truly accept themselves. They accept both their weaknesses and their strengths and use that acceptance to embrace all parts of themselves. It also gives them confidence that they use both in battle and in their relationships.

Fathers and Their Children

Frank, Hazel, and Percy tie their identities to their fathers purposefully and unintentionally due to the way their world operates, and this tie effects the way they develop as demigods. Frank does not know his father’s identity at the beginning of the novel and did not know he was a demigod until his mother’s untimely death. At first, this unknown serves as a beacon of hope for Frank, who finds himself hoping his father is Apollo, the god of archery, because of his skill in and love for archery. However, Frank is disappointed to learn Mars, the god of war, is his father because he has been struggling with the idea of war and mayhem since his mother’s death. Learning that his father is the god of war is devastating on several levels for Frank. A father who is a god as powerful as Mars is a high bar to live up to as a son. Mars also represents the circumstances that led to his mother’s death. Finally, being the son of Mars forces Frank to change the way he looks at himself and what he sees as his weaknesses. Frank struggles to reconcile his mother’s choice with her death, but he accepts that he can benefit from being the son of the god of war and that his father’s legacy doesn’t have to be the only thing that defines him.

Hazel also struggles with her identity when it comes to her father, whose identity wasn’t revealed to her until her 13th birthday. The revelation was laced with resentment and anger, as he threw some art supplies to her on the way to speak to her mother. When her mother and father interacted, Hazel’s mother was consistently upset, raising her voice, and blaming her father for their troubles. Pluto is the Roman god of the Underworld and riches, explaining Hazel’s unfortunate ability to produce precious jewels and metals spontaneously that curse those who pocket them. While she does not blame her father for this ability, she resents him for turning a blind eye to her in the Underworld. Although she has complicated feelings toward her father, Hazel believes that the fact that she was not on Thanatos’s list to be returned to the Underworld might be her father’s way of encouraging her to participate in the war against Gaea. Hazel knows very little about her father, therefore her feelings toward him are complicated.

Percy’s father is completely absent from the narrative, with his complications with his father seen in the Percy Jackson and the Olympians series. Percy feels a responsibility towards his mother for disappearing, due to his identity as a demigod. His father’s role as Neptune is only mentioned sparingly as a god the Romans fear, but do not respect, as they were only land-dwelling people with little oceanic activity. His lack of connection to his father does not affect him the way Hazel’s and Frank’s fathers do but reinforces the unusual relationships demigods have with their godly parents. Neptune’s silence is par for the course, as most demigods do not have relationships with their godly parent.

Greek Versus Roman

A reader familiar with Percy Jackson will come to The Son of Neptune aware that he is a Greek demigod. This fact is also mentioned in the first book of the series, The Lost Hero. Therefore, when Percy arrives at the Roman Camp Jupiter the Romans’ bias against Greek culture and traditions is a stark contrast to Percy’s background. The mythology that describes the Greek gods including Hades, Ares, and Hera, are older than their Roman counterparts, Pluto, Mars, and Juno. The Romans feel that the Greeks were primitive and they resent the comparisons. This discrimination concerns Percy the moment he arrives at Camp Jupiter, beginning with the house ghosts identifying him as Greek and Octavian suggesting he might be a Greek spy.

As the novel progresses and Percy gets his memories back, he realizes that Juno took his memories and deposited him at Camp Jupiter because she wanted him to bring the Romans and Greeks together. This effort from the crafty Juno highlights the divides between the cultures and their camps, as even a goddess is attempting to bring the two together in a covert manner. Juno knows how difficult the union will be, as the Romans have nursed a hatred of the Greeks for hundreds of years and labored under the belief that the Greeks no longer existed. To learn that not only they still exist, but that they are about to land a warship in the middle of the camp is quite a shock to these campers.

The rivalry between the Greeks and Romans serves to foreshadow the role the difference between the two will take on as the series continues. The theme also serves as a word of warning, that if the two cannot learn to work together, their cultures and heritages, along with the rest of the world, will be forgotten forever as Gaea takes over. The different cultures coming together to work towards a common good also illustrates how cultural competency and respect will always lead to positive outcomes for those involved.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text