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Later that night, Said leaves Nur's apartment in his homemade military uniform. He rents a boat and rows along the river toward Ilwan's house. As he rows, he convinces himself that the people of Cairo are on his side in his quest to get revenge. He reaches the riverbank near Ilwan's house and enters the property from the rear. The house seems empty so Said walks around the property to get his bearings. He waits in the dark, thinking about Ilwan's treachery, until a car pulls up to the house. Said aims his revolver at the car door, watching as Ilwan steps out of the vehicle. He shouts out to Ilwan and, before he can fire his shot, someone shoots at him from the darkness. Said fires his gun in Ilwan's direction and then runs back to his boat and rows away.
Said experiences complicated emotions and parts of his body feel strange and powerless. Said scrambles ashore on the distant riverbank and tries to walk calmly along the streets. He hears shouts in the distance so he hails a passing taxi and feels a sharp stab of pain as he gets inside. Said returns to Nur's apartment and realizes that he has been shot in the leg. The wound is not too serious, but he worries that he has failed to kill Ilwan. When Nur returns home, he dismisses her concerns. She begs him to give up his plans for revenge and think how they can escape together. Eventually, he hugs her and promises that they "will escape and live together for ever" (55).
The next day, the newspapers are filled with the story of Said's attempted murder of Ilwan. Rather than shooting Ilwan, Said shot "the unfortunate doorkeeper" (56). Said is annoyed that he accidently killed another innocent person. A huge reward is offered to anyone who reveals Said’s location. Said spends the night alone in Nur's apartment, watching the cemetery through the window. Said talks to the graves and defends his actions. He vows that he will "always seek the head of Rauf Ilwan" (57) and tells himself that he is acting on the behalf of millions of people. Said views himself as a great man and believes that his deeds are glorious.
Said falls asleep and only awakes when Nur returns. She seems sad and Said knows that she has heard about his latest murder. Nur begs Said to kill her, as she knows that he does not plan to escape with her. Said feigns confidence and calms her down, kissing her with "genuine tenderness.”
When Nur is away from the apartment for an extended period, Said worries that she is tempted by the reward. His paranoia is taking over and he sees plots against him everywhere. After a short sleep, he wakes up alone. He eats scraps of leftover food, "gnawing on the bones like a dog" (59). By evening the next day, Nur has still not returned. After midnight, he sneaks out of the apartment and visits Tarzan's café. Tarzan warns Said to be careful; Said asks for food and eats it alone in the dark. As Said walks away from the café, two shadowy figures ask to see his identity card. When they see Said's military uniform, however, they apologize and allow him to leave. Worried that they recognized him, Said attacks the two men and runs back to Nur's apartment which is still empty. He worries about Nur and begins to realize how much of an effect she has had on him. He admits that he loves Nur and breaks down in tears. Said is woken up the next day by knocking at the door. Nur's landlord shouts through the door, demanding the rent. Said stays silent but knows that he will not be able to stay in Nur's apartment for long.
The landlord returns twice more. Said, worried that the landlord will eventually force her way in, leaves the apartment after midnight. He feels hungry but he is scared that the police will be watching Tarzan's café. Said returns to the Sheikh's house, where the Sheikh give shim bread and figs. They have another cryptic conversation and Said asks for the Sheikh's protection. The Sheikh tells Said to trust God but says that he will not give up Said to the police. Said lays down to sleep and thinks about his situation. He is annoyed that he left his military uniform at Nur's apartment and he worries that the police will use it to link him to Nur.
Said falls asleep in the Sheikh's room. He wakes up during the day and knows that he cannot leave until nightfall, so he plans his escape. That night, he sees a light in Nur's apartment. He enters the building, planning to proclaim his love for Nur. However, the door is opened by a stranger. Said punches the man and leaves without collecting the uniform. Said returns to the Sheikh's house and lays awake until dawn. He sleeps until sunset and then eats the food given to him by the Sheikh.
Outside the room, a group of men arrives to pray. Said listens to them chanting and decides that he needs to visit Tarzan, no matter the risk. As the chanting continues, Said retreats into his nostalgic memories. His thoughts are interrupted by an angry shout from outside; a man says that "the whole quarter is blocked off" (67). Said hears his name being spoken outside so he takes his gun and prepares his escape. He believes that he is surrounded by police officers but wonders whether he can fight to the death with them.
Said leaves the Sheikh's house and walks through the dark cemetery toward Nur's apartment. He thinks he sees Nur in the window and decides that he wants Nur to care for Sana if anything happens to him. Dogs bark in the distance and Said flees back through the cemetery without contacting Nur. The barking grows louder and Said worries that there is "no hope left" (67). A light shines on Said and an unseen soldier demands that he surrender. More people call out, promising to treat him fairly if he gives himself up. Said panics and fires his gun into the darkness behind the light. The soldiers fire back. Suddenly, the light goes out and the shooting stops. Said stops shooting as well. He wonders for a moment whether he has won, but the darkness becomes overwhelming. Said surrenders to the dark because he no longer cares. He dies in the cemetery.
The Sheikh is an important figure in Said's life but he is routinely ignored by the protagonist. Said has many memories of being taken by his father to see the holy man. These visits should have formed the foundation of Said's morality, but instead they become nostalgic memories which fade into sensual recollections. Said remembers the sounds and the smells of these visits, but he does not implement any of the Sheikh's teachings into his behavior. Not only does he steal and murder, but he does not observe holy practices such as praying. When the Sheikh prays, Said turns him back on the man and stares at the wall. To Said, the memories of the Sheikh are nostalgia and nothing more. The holy man has no impact on his morality in the past or the present, meaning that the teachings and the cryptic conversations become background noise in Said's life. The role of the Sheikh is to show the audience that Said had access to traditional moral directives but he ignored them for his own personal benefit. By portraying the Sheikh as frustratingly cryptic, Mahfouz also criticizes purely religious notions of morality, suggesting that religious teachings may be inaccessible and unhelpful. Said needs material assistance, but the Sheikh only offers him words and religion as a solution to his problems.
Throughout The Thief and the Dogs, Said uses the term “dog” to describe everyone who betrayed him. He refers to Ilish, Ilwan, and Nabawiyya as dogs, dismissing their humanity because they were not loyal to him. As these people are dogs, he has no issue with killing them as their lives are not as valuable as human lives. Said becomes obsessive in his quest for revenge against these “dogs”. In the final chapters this dynamic is reversed. Said becomes the hunted one and hears the baying of the police dogs in pursuit. The metaphorical “dogs” who occupied Said's thoughts obsessively become actual dogs which pursue him to his death. Said is the thief described in the title of the novel and the dogs of The Thief and the Dogs are both literal and metaphorical. Just as the metaphorical dogs have driven Said into immoral and tragic behavior, the actual dogs drive him toward his inevitable death.
Said's death is a culmination of his nihilism. Since his release from prison, he has obsessed over revenge. His only thoughts have been about killing the people who betrayed him and this lust for revenge replaces all other emotions and objectives. Said becomes the physical embodiment of nihilism, rejecting all religious and moral principles other than his own self-justification. In the cemetery, surrounded by soldiers, Said gives up his last remaining desire. He frees himself from his need for revenge and surrenders to the dark. At the moment when Said no longer cares about anything in the world, he can die at last. His nihilism is complete as he has rejected the last compelling emotion or principle in his life. Said's death is a cathartic release as he accepts his inability to change the world or himself. Said's death, while tragic, is the only point in the novel where he can feel completely content with himself. Said is able to die in peace only by abandoning the desire for revenge that came to define him.
By Naguib Mahfouz