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65 pages 2 hours read

Ed. Lyndon J. Dominique, Anonymous

The Woman of Colour: A Tale

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1808

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Letters 40-48Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Letter 40 Summary

Olivia begins the letter by describing a small cottage that sits on New Park’s property, under a cluster of elms near the entrance gate. Olivia finds the cottage romantic in an antiquated sense and appreciates its presence near her home. It had recently been shut up, but there is now a new tenant: a woman living by herself. Seeing that Olivia is curious about the woman, Augustus tells her to ask Mrs. Lumley about her.

Letter 41 Summary

While Olivia and Caroline Lumley are walking in the park, they meet up with two couples: Miss Singleton and Frederic Ingot, and Miss Danby and Mr. Waller. Olivia notes that Miss Singleton is dressed like a shepherdess and that Mr. Waller and Miss Danby seem to be flirting, which clearly makes Caroline uncomfortable. Miss Danby asks Olivia if she has met the mysterious woman in the cottage yet, to which Olivia says she has not. Miss Singleton says that the Colonel will use his gallantry to meet her and report back on her identity, particularly whether or not she is beautiful. Miss Singleton goes on to praise her brother’s charm and says that if they had not been related, she might have been “one of his victims” (130).

Olivia interrupts her story to say that Mrs. Milbanke must be as tired of reading about this conversation as Olivia was of participating in it. After the six of them say goodbye, Caroline asks Olivia whether Miss Danby seems overly bold for a genteel lady. Olivia assures her that Mr. Waller does not like Miss Danby and is actually in love with Caroline. Caroline finally admits that her parents are aware of her and Mr. Waller’s love for each other but that they suspect Mr. Waller might have better romantic prospects available to him through his connection to Sir Marmaduke. She does not believe Sir Marmaduke will actually follow through on any promises to find Mr. Waller a wealthy wife and bemoans Frederic’s hopelessness as a student; neither Sir Marmaduke nor Lady Ingot is genuinely interested in their son’s improvement, and they both know Frederic will inherit Sir Marmaduke’s fortune regardless of whether or not he is educated. Olivia acknowledges that talented and virtuous people like Mr. Waller often have to deal with ridiculous situations such as these.

Letter 42 Summary

Olivia shares Caroline’s story with Augustus, who is just as interested in it as Olivia. She feels grateful for having a husband who listens to and cares about her.

Letter 43 Summary

Augustus invites Mr. Waller to New Park for dinner, and Waller shares Mr. Bellfield’s story with Augustus and Olivia. Mr. Bellfield was a successful merchant who was known for his virtuous character. After his only sister was left a widow, Mr. Bellfield supported her and her children, sending the eldest boy to India. The boy made his fortune and returned as Sir Marmaduke Ingot. In the intervening years, Mr. Bellfield had lost much of his own money. Rather than offer his uncle financial support, Sir Marmaduke simply offered to let him live at the Pagoda, and, having no other options, Mr. Bellfield agreed. The two men have accepted that they have very different personalities and avoid conversations that might result in arguments. Lady Ingot detests Mr. Bellfield, as he is uneducated and thus does not, she believes, deserve her company. Mr. Waller does his best to support Mr. Bellfield, which includes protecting him from Frederic’s bullying. Olivia concludes that this story demonstrates the gap that often exists between appearance and reality.

Letter 44 Summary

Letitia has arrived at New Park and is being overly civil toward and enthusiastic about seeing Olivia and Augustus. She also claims she will be continuously strolling around the grounds during her stay, which Olivia acknowledges would be a change for her.

Letter 45 Summary

Olivia, Augustus, and Letitia will attend a dinner party the following evening at the Pagoda. Olivia prays she will become more compassionate and less judgmental toward her fellow humans.

After a long gap in the middle of this letter, Olivia begins writing again, saying that Mrs. Milbanke must prepare to hear her “tale of sorrow” (136). She prays that God will help her survive her recent adversities, but ends the letter without providing any further details.

Letter 46 Summary

Olivia bemoans the loss of her happy life, hinting that she has been separated from someone or something but not explaining to whom or to what she is referring. She wishes her father had never sent her to England and says that the prejudices he hoped she would avoid by leaving Jamaica have found her tenfold. Mr. Lumley and Dido, she says, are truly loyal friends who are still by her side. She stops writing, saying that she feels faint and that the events of the past six weeks have unnerved her physically and emotionally.

Letter 47 Summary

Olivia recalls the tranquility she felt at New Park prior to Letitia’s visit, comparing it to that of the Garden of Eden. When Letitia arrives, she seems happy and civil, and the Singletons often join them for long walks around the grounds. Olivia notes that Letitia seems more active and energetic than she had in London. She adds that no one had seen the mysterious woman in the cottage yet.

One night during Letitia’s visit, a terrible storm strikes New Park, destroying a number of trees around the property. After the sun comes out the following morning, Letitia hints to Olivia and Augustus that they should check on the woman in the cottage. Miss Danby and Miss Singleton arrive and tell them that part of the Pagoda had been destroyed in the storm. They accompany Olivia, Augustus, and Letitia on their walk to the local village, checking on the residents. When they finally reach the woman’s cottage, they hear a shriek from inside and the door flies open. A woman rushes out, shouting for Augustus to save her; Colonel Singleton follows her out, looking confused. Olivia realizes that the woman is Angelina, Augustus’s first wife. She also notes that Letitia and Miss Danby both recognize Angelina.

Olivia faints from shock, eventually waking in her bed to see Caroline and Dido watching over her. She asks who the woman in the park is, to which Dido replies that Olivia has been the victim of a plot and that they should never have left Jamaica. Caroline finally admits that the woman is indeed Augustus’s wife, but she insists that they must pity Augustus, too. Olivia insists she cannot, describing him as “the destroyer of my peace” (142).

Letter 48 Summary

Mr. Lumley visits Olivia that evening and encourages her to find consolation in her religion. When she asks about Augustus, he echoes Caroline in saying that Augustus is heartbroken and that they should pity him. He claims that Augustus truly thought his wife was dead and that the only crime he committed was the concealment of his marriage to Angelina. He also insists that both Augustus and Angelina are miserable knowing that they have hurt Olivia.

Letters 40-48 Analysis

The dramatic climax of the narrative’s action occurs in this portion of the text, when many of the opaquer details about the characters’ personalities and histories are finally revealed. In fact, it becomes increasingly obvious throughout these particular letters that the novel is interested in exploring the processes of both hiding and unveiling pertinent plot details. The most notable of these revelations is, of course, the fact that Angelina is not only alive but is Augustus’s wife. As a character, Angelina embodies mystery in a number of ways: Her presence is announced suddenly, her name is withheld, and her identity is the subject of speculation. She is virtually forced out of the cottage by Colonel Singleton’s unwelcome invasion of her privacy, but as soon as she is in Augustus’s arms, the two of them retreat into their private, hidden world, not even hearing Olivia as she asks them repeatedly what is happening. As soon as the text identifies her, Angelina and Augustus both disappear from the story, albeit temporarily. Angelina thus serves as something akin to a force of narrative erasure: Being barely present herself, she spirits away one of the main characters with virtually no warning.

Throughout these letters, the text further develops its notions of what proper or acceptable types of feminine behavior look like and adding to the theme of Movement, Stillness, and Femininity. It accomplishes this largely by focusing on the different ways Almenia Danby and Caroline Lumley act around Mr. Waller during the group’s interaction while walking near New Park. Miss Danby, whose boldness has previously been the subject of Olivia’s descriptions of her, is talkative and flirtatious, while Caroline looks away, blushes, and says little. Since Olivia clearly holds Caroline in much higher esteem than she does Miss Danby, this scene reveals the iteration of femininity that Olivia truly values as well as the kind that she finds distasteful. Olivia drives this point home by referring to Caroline’s “virtuous simplicity” and saying, two sentences later, that Caroline has “raised a virtuous passion in the bosom of virtue” (131). Her repeated use of variations on the word “virtue” to describe Caroline indicates, yet again, what Olivia believes should constitute a superior kind of womanhood. It also speaks to the theme of The Natural and the Authentic, which the novel explores through Olivia’s depictions of those she encounters.

Structurally, this section of the novel builds on the meta-narrative momentum it has established up to this point. Olivia discloses that her marriage has collapsed in a letter written six weeks after Angelina’s existence is revealed to her. By emphasizing the large temporal gap between letters, she underscores the traumatic disintegration of her social and financial future in England and the personal pain she is dealing with knowing that her husband was not only already married, but has been in love with his wife the entire time Olivia has known him. Jumping forward in time also allows Olivia to look back on the happiness she felt with Augustus prior to Angelina’s appearance—which was brought about by Letitia’s plotting before and during her visit—with the same kind of nostalgic, utopian yearning that she felt earlier in the text while hoping to move from London to the countryside. In other words, in the same way that 19th-century Romantic novels idealize a fictional agrarian golden age from the distant past, Olivia idealizes her marriage to Augustus and their life at New Park. The novel continues to assert its self-consciousness as a constructed object by allowing Olivia’s representation of her own personal history to mirror its romanticizing of England’s nonexistent pastoral paradise.

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