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18 pages 36 minutes read

Marge Piercy

To Be Of Use

Fiction | Poem | Adult | Published in 1973

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Background

Political Context: Marge Piercy’s Political life

Marge Piercy was a central figure in second-wave feminism, which grew out of the civil rights and anti-war movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Both the poetry collection The Moon is Always Female (1980) and her science fiction novel Woman on the Edge of Time (1976) are considered feminist classics. Throughout her career, Piercy has advocated for equal rights for women, and supported their desires to work outside the home and their choices regarding whether to have children.

However, Piercy’s advocacy also extends to the environment, oppressed groups, and concerns regarding labor equity. In an interview with Monica J. Casper, Piercy notes her disapproval of “the suppression and increasing poverty of those who do not own enough to count, the erosion of the middle class and the outspoken hatred of those in power for the poor, the ever-increasing power of multinational corporations” (See: Further Reading & Resources). These concerns have been in Piercy’s consciousness since 1973, as evidenced by the poems in the collection To Be of Use, including the titular poem.

Piercy’s outspoken and blunt address of these topics in many of her poems has disconcerted some, who have accused her work of being too polemic. However, Piercy herself has said she doesn’t see a separation between poetry and politics and feels an obligation to speak out. She notes, “Writers are citizens like plumbers and doctors. We suffer the same consequences from the bad and dangerous choices of politicians who are bought and sold and who have ideas that would not be out of place in the Dark Ages.”

Autobiographical and Creative Context

In the Introduction to 1982’s Circles on the Water: Selected Poems (See: Further Reading & Resources), Piercy mentions her use of personal voice, noting, “[R]arely do I speak through a mask of persona” (xi). However, while many of her poems are autobiographical, she also tries to “give utterance to energy, experience, insight, words flowing from many lives” (xi), suggesting that many of the topics she writes about are universal. She has “always desired that [her] poems work for others” (xi). To this end, “‘To Be of Use’ is the title of one of [her] favorite poems and one of [her] best-known books” (xi). Given the context of this essay, it could be interpreted that the “I” mentioned throughout “To Be of Use” is indeed Piercy, but that the poem also functions as a wider “I,” standing in for the universal individual.

In this Introduction, Piercy also clarifies that “what I mean by useful” in terms of poetry is that the reader “will find poems that speak to and for them, will take those poems into their lives and say them to each other and put them up on the bathroom wall and remember bits and pieces of them in stressful or quiet moments” (xii). She notes her desire to create a text that serves as “rituals that function for us in the ordinary chaos of our lives” (xii) and speaks of how “art gives dignity to our pain, our anger, our lust, our losses” (xii). The respect Piercy gives to those who work hard is evident in “To Be of Use,” which may explain its vast readership.

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