57 pages • 1 hour read
Jennifer RoyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Summary
Background
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Character Analysis
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
“Losing the War”
Word spreads that the Germans are losing the war. Syvia cannot imagine anyone overpowering the Nazis. Dora imagines that the Allied soldiers must look like movie stars.
“What Next”
Syvia hopes to see Hava and Itka if the war ends, but Dora tells her that those who left the ghetto are not coming back. Syvia struggles to imagine so many people being dead.
“Another Question”
Syvia wonders whether foreign soldiers would care about saving Jews, as their Polish community and neighbors didn’t.
“Shipping Out”
Rumkowski announces that the Nazis plan to liquidate the ghettos and transport the remaining residents to parts of Germany that need to be repaired after the enemy bombing; however, the patients at the hospitals are the first to be deported, making Syvia suspicious.
Syvia hopes that she will have enough energy to run when the Nazis come for them; she is tired.
“A Knock on the Door”
Uncle Hyman comes for Papa’s help; soldiers have taken his daughter, Mina. Papa leaves with him.
“Search”
Papa and Uncle Hyman fill wheelbarrows with flour and dress in chimney sweep costumes. They go to the hospital where Mina is being kept.
“Rescue”
They tell Mina to hide under the flour sacks and take her home, and then they return for two other children.
“Liquidation”
Everyone is being packed into trains, including Uncle Hyman, Aunt Rose, and Mina. Dora tells Syvia that it is only a matter of time until it is their turn.
“In the Moonlight”
Nazi soldiers come to the apartment.
“It is Time”
Soldiers tramp into the apartment, ordering everyone out. Mother helps Syvia button her dress, as her fingers are shaking too badly to do it.
They are herded into a group on the street and walked toward the train station.
“Moving Forward”
Syvia is squashed between many other bodies; she reflects on how thin everyone is. There is a gunshot behind them somewhere.
They are told to halt.
“Front of the Line”
They form a line. Papa reaches the front and ably lifts a heavy bag, so he is directed to the right by the Nazi soldier. Dora, Syvia, and Mother go to join him, but the Nazi soldier points at Syvia and says, “Nein!” (120). Papa speaks to them, and they are all directed to the left.
“Announcement”
An announcement declares that everyone who is not on the list (the people sent to the right) must return to the train station at seven the next morning.
Dora explains that Papa, Mother, and Dora could have gone to the right, but that Syvia was allocated to the left because she is too small. Father insisted that the family had to stay together.
“Papa’s Gut”
Papa tells the family that he has a gut feeling that they should not go to the trains.
“Bad Dreams”
Syvia wakes from a bad dream where she is on a sinking ship that only she can save, but she is unable to. She screams, “I’m sorry,” and her parents soothe her. Papa says it is the Nazis’ fault, not hers.
“Decision”
They bump into Syvia’s uncle and aunt, Haskel and Hana, on the way to the train station. They make a split-second decision to purposefully walk away from the train station as a group.
“The Plan”
They walk toward the workers’ houses. Dora and Mother fret that they are not on the list. Papa tells Syvia to wait with her cousin, baby Isaac, who is three; he will come back to get her.
“Baby-Sitting”
Syvia waits with Isaac, who is very quiet. She realizes that he has been taught to be silent to avoid attracting the attention of the Nazis. Syvia entertains Isaac with the buckle on her suitcase by opening and closing it.
Syvia worries that the Nazis have caught and shot Papa, Mother, and Dora. She remembers seeing a man shot in the street; it is a memory she tries to forget.
She sees Papa walking up to her, grinning.
“Papa!”
Papa picks up the sleeping Isaac and puts him over his shoulder, disguising him with his coat.
“Entrance”
Papa reveals how they entered the workers’ houses; he confidently introduced each individual by name to the Nazi guard, who nodded and let them in.
“How Papa Knew”
Papa explains that he realized that there were no lists being used when the Nazis were sorting people in lines on the right or the left, which allowed them to pretend that they were on the list.
“Into the Building”
Papa instructs Syvia to walk closely on his left side, the side away from the soldiers. They are talking about something and don’t look up.
“The Underground Room”
Papa leads Syvia into a basement where there are other children. Papa leaves, assuring Syvia that he’ll be back.
“Children of the Cellar”
Syvia wants to introduce herself to the other children, but she is too shy. She plays with Isaac.
Syvia feels faint. Everything goes black.
“Not Myself”
Syvia has strange, vivid dreams and feels hot and cold.
She wakes up three days later. Dora is there.
“A Little Tired”
Mother and Papa arrive. Mother feeds Syvia broth. Syvia learns that the Nazis think that there are 800 adults left in the Lodz Ghetto and no children.
“A Pile of Bones”
Syvia feels like a pile of bones lying in the corner. She and the other children are weak and listless; even Isaac, who is only three, plays very quietly.
“Special Gifts”
Mother brings thick vegetable soup made with vegetables from the Nazi soldiers’ garden; Syvia is used to thin broth and feels the thicker soup strengthening her.
Dora brings leaves, twigs, and berries.
Papa visits and tells stories to all of the children.
“How the Cellar was Found”
Papa searched the houses to find a good hiding spot; he found the cellar and told another worker, who ran to the train station and asked parents if they wanted him to take their children to a hidden cellar.
“Yes or No”
Some parents agreed to send their children with the unknown man, but others wanted to keep their children with them.
“How We Got Inside”
Sometimes it was easy to smuggle the children inside, as the soldiers were not always stationed at the door. At other times, a distraction was necessary; Syvia remembers that a woman was arguing with a soldier when Papa walked in with her and realizes that this was an intentional distraction.
“Upstairs”
Upstairs, Papa tells Syvia that the men and women are supposed to be separate, but that there is a secret internal door.
Papa has brought an apple from one of the fruit trees upstairs. He cuts it up for the children to share.
“The Ovens”
The Jewish women are not supposed to use the electric ovens, but they do so secretly.
Mother had to pretend that they weren’t using the electric ovens when a Nazi guard came in; she accidentally burned herself.
“Late Summer”
Dora tells Syvia that the soldiers are less plentiful and less strict. They have more food than they have had in years.
“The Chef”
Syvia doesn’t walk to the other children, preferring to play simple games with Isaac. One boy constantly murmurs to himself about food. Papa tells Syvia that they must honor each other’s ways of surviving.
“Nervous Hands”
Another girl’s hand is always moving as if she is holding and shooting a gun.
Syvia again remembers the person she saw being shot in the street.
“Mouse”
Syvia reflects that she is like a mouse, small and timid in the corner.
“Nobody Special”
Syvia considers that maybe her shyness and quietness are the reasons she has survived.
“Pails of Coal”
The children carry pails of coal up the stairs for the adults. At first, this is difficult, but it gets easier as Syvia becomes stronger.
“Blue Sky”
Some of the children sneak outside, as soldiers are around less. Syvia is too nervous to do so. Dora brings her a scrap of sky-blue fabric.
“Up and Out”
Finally, Syvia summons the courage to go outside. The air is cool and crisp. She sees a pear hanging on a tree. They are not supposed to pick the fruit, which is reserved for the Nazis.
“The Pear”
Syvia is drawn to the pear, even though she knows that she isn’t allowed to have it. She pulls it off the tree and starts to eat it, reflecting that she feels like a normal girl. She grabs another one and runs back downstairs.
“A Gift for Dora”
Dora comes and is impressed that Syvia went into the garden by herself. They share the second pear.
“Heavy Boots”
Suddenly, Syvia hears heavy boots. A Nazi soldier comes into the cellar.
“Caught”
The children are grabbed roughly by Nazi soldiers and brought into the yard.
The Jewish adults hear that the children have been found and rush to the scene. They encircle the few soldiers and the children.
Syvia is grabbed and kicked, and then pushed away.
The soldiers leave.
Syvia’s family holds her.
“In this Moment”
Someone tipped off the Nazis that the children were hiding in the cellar. The Nazis were planning to shoot the children but sensed that there would be chaos if they did; even though the Nazis were armed, they were outnumbered by 800 Jews.
“Upstairs”
Syvia is allowed to stay upstairs in the women’s quarter. She worries that the soldiers will come back and kill her, but Dora says that the soldiers know that the adults would rebel if this happened.
“Winter is Coming”
The weather turns colder. The adults worry about whether they will survive another winter; the workers’ houses are poorly insulated with broken windows and no beds. Food is scarce.
“Tossing and Turning”
Syvia can’t sleep because she is worried that the soldier who kicked her might return to kill her. She thinks about how she might be put on a train, like all the possessions of the Jewish people in the ghetto, which are sent to Germany.
“The Soldier’s Story”
An intoxicated German soldier laughs while telling Papa that they’re going to shoot them all.
“Two Large Holes”
A few Jewish workers are ordered to dig two large holes in the cemetery. They return to the workers’ houses that evening and say that they overheard the Nazi soldiers saying that all of the Jews are to be shot the next day. Everyone is terrified.
“Double-Checking”
Papa decides that two adults should go with a trolley to the soldiers’ houses, pretending that they had orders to fix it, and try to learn more. The men see that more soldiers have been brought in—enough soldiers to shoot 800 people.
“Boom”
Suddenly, there are massive “booms” as bombs are being dropped on Lodz.
“Trapped”
The Director, a Jew who works with the Nazis, says that he has stolen a key.
“The Key”
With shaking hands, the Director unlocks the door that encloses the workers in the house in the ghetto. He tells them to run.
“Running in Circles”
Papa instructs everyone to run in circles through the ghetto, so the Nazis will not be able to follow their tracks through the deep snow.
“Across the Street”
Papa leads the group into a cellar in the house right across the street from the Nazis’ red house. Papa is confident that this is the place they are least likely to check.
“Flour House”
They are in the flour house that Papa used to work from. There is dry flour to eat when the other food runs out. It is freezing cold, but they cannot light the oven; the Nazis would spot the smoke.
“The Icebox”
The cellar is freezing. Syvia wonders if heaven is warm. Everyone focuses on trying to survive moment by moment.
“Being Brave”
Syvia wakes up in the night from hearing massive “boom” noises. She peeks out of the windows and sees that the Nazis are leaving on their motorbikes. She wakes up Papa.
“Walking Out”
They run from the house; the ghetto is being bombed. The Nazis have vacated the red house.
Once the planes fly away, the group walks through the empty streets of the ghetto.
“Survivors Like Us”
Other Jews who have been hiding in the ghetto emerge. The group grows larger. They consider the fact that the Germans have gone; they wonder if the Germans are coming back and where the Jews should go.
Bombs start falling again, and they run to the courtyard and lie down. Bombs fall around them; buildings burst into flames.
“Sending a Message to Above”
People begin to sing and chant in Hebrew. Syvia sees that Papa is crying as he sings along.
“Miracles”
The planes stop bombing. Everyone gets up, hugging and laughing.
Russians on horseback arrive in the courtyard. One of the Russian soldiers who approaches them is crying.
“Hello”
The Russian soldier says hello in Yiddish, revealing he is Jewish. He says that he has a gift for the children. Syvia is pushed to the front of the crowd with the other children. The soldier puts something into her hand.
“Gifts for the Children”
The children each receive a bar of chocolate, which they eat with relish. The horse sneezes; Syvia laughs and realizes that the Russian soldier is also laughing.
“Freedom”
The soldiers start to cut the wires around the ghetto. People dance and yell that they are free.
Papa talks to the soldier and tells the group about what transpired. The Russian soldier was in the plane; he had been ordered to destroy the ghetto, but he saw the group clustered in the courtyard and recognized their yellow stars. He stopped bombing and came to save them.
Everyone celebrates Syvia’s bravery in waking the group up when the bombing started.
“The Bad News”
The Russian soldier was so shocked to see them because he thought that there were no Jews left in Poland. The group hears about the extermination camps where the Nazis committed mass murder. They are shocked and upset, but they are grateful to be alive.
“Shattered”
The family returns to their apartment in the ghetto, but Mother’s jewelry has been stolen. Framed pictures are shattered on the floor and covered in muddy footprints.
“Stepping Out”
Syvia excitedly chants to herself that it is time to leave the ghetto. There is a large hole cut in the fence. They approach it and step out.
“January 19, 1945”
Papa realizes that it is Syvia’s 10th birthday the next day. Her family wishes her a happy birthday.
Fear continues to function as an important, recurring motif in these chapters, which reminds readers of the theme of Antisemitic Genocide. The possibility of murder is always at the forefront of the minds of the ghetto inhabitants. This is illustrated in Syvia’s fear—characterized by her shaking hands—when her family is ordered to the train station: “We all dress silently. My hands shake with fear, and I cannot button my dress, so Mother helps me” (116-17). Even though Syvia is afraid, she is not alone and still has her family to support her. Nazi soldiers continue to be depicted as terrifying monsters from the perspective of Syvia; this can be seen in the immense noise and disruption they bring to the family’s apartment: “The soldiers stomp through our building. Walls shake, windows rattle, my body trembles, and we all are awake, knowing the time has come. ‘Everybody out! Everybody out!’ Pound! Pound! Pound!” (116). The novel in verse continues to emphasize the lived experience of the characters, including the sounds of the ghetto.
The auditory imagery of the ghetto in connection with the motif of fear is also illustrated in Syvia’s memory of the man being shot: “Bang! Bang! A man in the crowd did a funny jump, then fell on his back, his yellow star facing the sky” (131). Syvia’s recollections continue to be framed through the language of a young child, making the events that she describes more tragic and poignant, as they are not things any child should ever have to witness. Furthermore, the emphasis of the yellow star on the man’s clothing reminds readers of the Nazi program of antisemitism, which systematically sought to identify and murder Jews.
Syvia continues to shoulder more stress and hardship; she wakes up crying, feeling immense guilt that—because of her age—her family was transported to the extermination camps. Her guilt manifests in the vivid dream she has the night before the transports are due to depart; the symbolism of this dream, where her family sinks in a boat because she is unable to save it, underlines her belief that her family will die because of her: “‘I’m sorry!’ I scream, as the salty sea spray slaps my face. ‘I’m sorry!’” (125).
Papa’s intelligence, intuition, and initiative continue to be explored in these chapters; his family’s lives are undoubtedly saved because he chooses to follow a “gut feeling” not to go to the trains, and instead lies to the guards at the workers’ houses that they have been selected to stay. His confidence is key in executing this plan, as is illustrated in the manner he addresses the Nazi guard: “Papa looked right into the eyes of one of the soldiers. ‘Isaac Perlmutter,’ he said, then announced the others’ names, pointing to each one by one” (133). Later in these chapters, Papa once again demonstrates his quick thinking and ingenuity when he instructs the group of Jews to run in circles so as to not leave tracks to their location, and when he leads them to the cellar of the flour house, right under the Nazi’s noses.
Parents in the ghetto continue to be put into impossible and tragic situations. For example, one of the workers runs to tell parents at the train station that they have found a cellar where children can be hidden, but it is impossible for parents to know where their children will be safest: “Did they believe the trains were going to a safe place or did they think that anyone whose name was not on the list would be shot if he stayed?” (151). This anecdote is rendered more tragic by the fact (detailed in the Introduction) that only 12 children were alive when the ghetto was liberated.
Scarcity continues to function as a recurring motif in these chapters, which reminds readers of the broader theme of Indignities and Hardships of Life in the Ghetto. The “children of the cellar,” after years of starvation and containment, have no energy to play; instead, “[they] just lie around or sit propped against a wall and wait for the grown-ups to visit” (146). Syvia feels like a “pile of bones,” “weak and listless” (146). Both of these instances emphasize the children’s failing health, as well as their diminishing hope.
However, the quiet and determined resilience of the 800 Jewish workers is illustrated when they quietly encircle the Nazi soldiers who are threatening to kill the 12 children, nonverbally communicating by the power of their silent presence that the killing of the children will not be tolerated: “Some say the soldiers were going to shoot us children right there on the spot, but they realized that would have caused total chaos in the ghetto. The grown-ups saved us” (180). Resilience in the Face of Hardship is referred to in this moment of self-determination.
The symbolic destruction of the family’s past and possessions is evident in the looted and destroyed apartment. The disrespect of the Polish residents of Lodz—who loot the vacated apartments after the city is bombed—as well as the Nazis seizing Jewish goods, is represented in the stolen family jewelry and the destroyed photos: “The glass in the frames is broken and there are muddy footprints across the faces of my family” (218). Syvia’s family begins their life again with virtually nothing. They have been threatened, terrorized, and abused, and even though they are still together as a family, the life that they once knew is essentially gone—as fragile as the glass in the frame.
Childhood & Youth
View Collection
Fear
View Collection
Guilt
View Collection
International Holocaust Remembrance Day
View Collection
Juvenile Literature
View Collection
Memorial Day Reads
View Collection
Military Reads
View Collection
Mortality & Death
View Collection
Safety & Danger
View Collection
War
View Collection
World War II
View Collection